The history and fate of the Nubian Sandstone Aquifer springs in the oasis depressions of the Western Desert, Egypt.
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| Title: | The history and fate of the Nubian Sandstone Aquifer springs in the oasis depressions of the Western Desert, Egypt. |
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| Alternate Title: | La historia y el destino de los manantiales de del acuífero de la arenisca Nubia en las depresiones de los oasis del desierto occidental, Egipto. L'histoire et le sort des sources de l'Aquifère gréseux Nubien dans les dépressions des oasis du désert occidental, Egypte. A história e destino das nascentes do Aquífero do Arenito Núbio nas depressões do oásis do Deserto Ocidental, Egito. 埃及西部沙漠绿洲洼地努比亚砂岩含水层泉的历史和命运. |
| Authors: | Powell, Owen1 owen.powell@uq.edu.au, Fensham, Rod2 |
| Source: | Hydrogeology Journal. Mar2016, Vol. 24 Issue 2, p395-406. 12p. |
| Subjects: | Aquifers, Groundwater management, Sandstone, Irrigation, Hydrogeology, Water springs |
| Geographic Terms: | Western Desert (Egypt) |
| Abstract (English): | Extraction of groundwater for agriculture has resulted in the loss of springs across arid regions of the globe. The history and fate are recorded of the artesian springs of Egypt's Western Desert, from ancient times to the present, spanning the rise and fall of the great civilisations from the Pharoanic dynasties to Persian, Greek and Roman conquests. The study area includes oases Kharga, Dakhla, Bahriya, Farafra and Siwa, and several outer and small oases around Siwa and the edge of the Qattara Depression. The region is hyper-arid, receiving 10 mm or less average annual precipitation and evaporation rates are in the vicinity of 3,000 mm/a. Groundwater in the oases is largely derived from bores discharging from the Nubian Sandstone Aquifer. Based on an extensive survey, conducted for the first time, attention is drawn to the rapid demise of springs as a result of modern irrigation schemes which continue to deplete groundwater supplies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Abstract (Spanish): | La extracción de agua subterránea para la agricultura ha resultado en la pérdida de manantiales en todas las regiones áridas del mundo. La historia y el destino de los manantiales artesianos del desierto occidental de Egipto están registrados, desde la antigüedad hasta el presente, abarcando el auge y la caída de las grandes civilizaciones desde las dinastías faraónicas a las conquistas persas, griegas y romanas. El área de estudio incluye los oasis Kharga, Dakhla, Bahriya, Farafra y Siwa, y varios oasis externos y pequeños en el alrededor de Siwa y el borde de la depresión de Qattara. La región es hiperárida, recibiendo 10 mm o menos de tasas medias anuales de precipitación y los ritmos de evaporación están próximos a 3000 mm/a. El agua subterránea en los oasis proviene mayormente de los pozos de descarga del Acuífero de las Areniscas de Nubia. Sobre la base de un amplio estudio, llevado a cabo por primera vez, se fija la atención a la rápida desaparición de manantiales, como resultado de los sistemas modernos de riego que continúan con el agotamiento de los los suministros de agua subterránea. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Abstract (French): | L'exploitation des eaux souterraines pour l'agriculture a entraîné la perte des sources dans les régions arides du globe. L'histoire et le sort de sources artésiennes du désert occidental égyptien sont enregistrées de l'Antiquité à nos jours, passant au travers de l'essor et du déclin des grandes civilisations des dynasties pharaonique à perse aux conquêtes grecques et romaines. La zone d'étude comprend les oasis de Kharga, Dakhla, Bahriya, Farafra et de Siwa, et plusieurs petits oasis situés autour de Siwa et sur le bord de la dépression de Qattara. La région est hyper-aride, recevant 10 mm ou moins en moyenne de précipitation annuelle et avec des taux d'évaporation proches des 3000 mm/a. Les eaux souterraines dans les oasis proviennent en grande partie des puits de décharge de l'aquifère des grès nubiens. A partir d'une vaste enquête, menée pour la première fois, l'attention est attirée sur la disparition rapide des sources résultant des systèmes d'irrigation modernes qui continuent à épuiser les stocks d'eau souterraine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Abstract (Portuguese): | Extrações de águas subterrâneas para agricultura tem resultado em uma perda de nascentes ao longo de regiões áridas do globo. A história e destino das nascentes artesianas do Deserto Ocidental Egípcio são registrados, dos tempos antigos até o presente, atravessando a ascensão e queda das grandes civilizações, desde as dinastias Faraônicas aos conquistadores Persas, Gregos e Romanos. A área de estudo inclui os oásis Kharga, Dakhla, Bahriya, Farafra e Siwa, e diversos oásis secundários e pequenos ao redor de Siwa e no limite da Depressão Qattara. A região é hiperárida, recebendo 10 mm ou menos de precipitação na média e as taxas de evapotranspiração na proximidade de 3000 mm/a. A água subterrânea nos oásis é amplamente derivada de furos de descarga do Aquífero do Arenito Núbio. Baseado em um levantamento extensivo, conduzido pela primeira vez, se dá atenção ao o rápido desaparecimento de nascentes, como resultado de sistemas de irrigação modernos que continuam a esgotar o suprimento de águas subterrâneas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Abstract (Chinese): | 抽取地下水用于农业导致全球干旱地区泉的消失。从古代到现在,跨越了从古埃及法老王朝代到波斯、希腊和罗马统治时期内大文明的起起落落, 都记载了埃及西部沙漠自流泉的历史和命运。研究区包括Kharga、 Dakhla、 Bahriya、 Farafra 、 Siwa绿洲和Siwa绿洲外围的小的绿洲,以及Qattara洼地的边缘地带。本地区超干旱 ,每年的降雨量10 毫米或不到平均数,而每年的蒸发量大约为3000毫米。绿洲的地下水主要从努比亚砂岩含水层的钻孔排泄。在第一次所进行的广泛调查的基础上,现在农业灌溉项目导致泉的快速干涸引起了人们的注意,农业灌溉项目仍在继续消耗着地下水。 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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| Database: | Engineering Source |
| Abstract: | Extraction of groundwater for agriculture has resulted in the loss of springs across arid regions of the globe. The history and fate are recorded of the artesian springs of Egypt's Western Desert, from ancient times to the present, spanning the rise and fall of the great civilisations from the Pharoanic dynasties to Persian, Greek and Roman conquests. The study area includes oases Kharga, Dakhla, Bahriya, Farafra and Siwa, and several outer and small oases around Siwa and the edge of the Qattara Depression. The region is hyper-arid, receiving 10 mm or less average annual precipitation and evaporation rates are in the vicinity of 3,000 mm/a. Groundwater in the oases is largely derived from bores discharging from the Nubian Sandstone Aquifer. Based on an extensive survey, conducted for the first time, attention is drawn to the rapid demise of springs as a result of modern irrigation schemes which continue to deplete groundwater supplies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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| ISSN: | 14312174 |
| DOI: | 10.1007/s10040-015-1335-1 |
