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On the mechanisms of development in monocot and eudicot leaves.

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Title: On the mechanisms of development in monocot and eudicot leaves.
Authors: Conklin, Phillip A.1, Strable, Josh1, Li, Shujie1, Scanlon, Michael J.1 mjs298@cornell.edu
Source: New Phytologist. Jan2019, Vol. 221 Issue 2, p706-724. 19p. 8 Diagrams.
Subjects: Leaf anatomy, Leaf morphology, Leaf development, Monocotyledons, Eudicots, Arabidopsis thaliana
Abstract: ContentsSummary706I.Introduction707II.Leaf zones in monocot and eudicot leaves707III.Monocot and eudicot leaf initiation: differences in degree and timing, but not kind710IV.Reticulate and parallel venation: extending the model?711V.Flat laminar growth: patterning and coordination of adaxial–abaxial and mediolateral axes713VI.Stipules and ligules: ontogeny of primordial elaborations715VII.Leaf architecture716VIII.Stomatal development: shared and diverged mechanisms for making epidermal pores717IX.Conclusion719Acknowledgements720References720 Summary: Comparisons of concepts in monocot and eudicot leaf development are presented, with attention to the morphologies and mechanisms separating these angiosperm lineages. Monocot and eudicot leaves are distinguished by the differential elaborations of upper and lower leaf zones, the formation of sheathing/nonsheathing leaf bases and vasculature patterning. We propose that monocot and eudicot leaves undergo expansion of mediolateral domains at different times in ontogeny, directly impacting features such as venation and leaf bases. Furthermore, lineage‐specific mechanisms in compound leaf development are discussed. Although models for the homologies of enigmatic tissues, such as ligules and stipules, are proposed, tests of these hypotheses are rare. Likewise, comparisons of stomatal development are limited to Arabidopsis and a few grasses. Future studies may investigate correlations in the ontogenies of parallel venation and linear stomatal files in monocots, and the reticulate patterning of veins and dispersed stoma in eudicots. Although many fundamental mechanisms of leaf development are shared in eudicots and monocots, variations in the timing, degree and duration of these ontogenetic events may contribute to key differences in morphology. We anticipate that the incorporation of an ever‐expanding number of sequenced genomes will enrich our understanding of the developmental mechanisms generating eudicot and monocot leaves. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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Abstract:ContentsSummary706I.Introduction707II.Leaf zones in monocot and eudicot leaves707III.Monocot and eudicot leaf initiation: differences in degree and timing, but not kind710IV.Reticulate and parallel venation: extending the model?711V.Flat laminar growth: patterning and coordination of adaxial–abaxial and mediolateral axes713VI.Stipules and ligules: ontogeny of primordial elaborations715VII.Leaf architecture716VIII.Stomatal development: shared and diverged mechanisms for making epidermal pores717IX.Conclusion719Acknowledgements720References720 Summary: Comparisons of concepts in monocot and eudicot leaf development are presented, with attention to the morphologies and mechanisms separating these angiosperm lineages. Monocot and eudicot leaves are distinguished by the differential elaborations of upper and lower leaf zones, the formation of sheathing/nonsheathing leaf bases and vasculature patterning. We propose that monocot and eudicot leaves undergo expansion of mediolateral domains at different times in ontogeny, directly impacting features such as venation and leaf bases. Furthermore, lineage‐specific mechanisms in compound leaf development are discussed. Although models for the homologies of enigmatic tissues, such as ligules and stipules, are proposed, tests of these hypotheses are rare. Likewise, comparisons of stomatal development are limited to Arabidopsis and a few grasses. Future studies may investigate correlations in the ontogenies of parallel venation and linear stomatal files in monocots, and the reticulate patterning of veins and dispersed stoma in eudicots. Although many fundamental mechanisms of leaf development are shared in eudicots and monocots, variations in the timing, degree and duration of these ontogenetic events may contribute to key differences in morphology. We anticipate that the incorporation of an ever‐expanding number of sequenced genomes will enrich our understanding of the developmental mechanisms generating eudicot and monocot leaves. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
ISSN:0028646X
DOI:10.1111/nph.15371