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Water diffusion simulation in photovoltaic module based on the characterization of encapsulant material using in-situ gravimetric technique.

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Title: Water diffusion simulation in photovoltaic module based on the characterization of encapsulant material using in-situ gravimetric technique.
Authors: Dadaniya, Akhilesh1 (AUTHOR), Datla, Naresh Varma1 (AUTHOR) datla@mech.iitd.ac.in
Source: Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells. Oct2019, Vol. 201, pN.PAG-N.PAG. 1p.
Subjects: Gravimetric analysis, Diffusion, Thermal stresses, Arrhenius equation, Ethylene-vinyl acetate, Diffusion coefficients, Water, Freeze-thaw cycles
Abstract: Durability of photovoltaic (PV) module under outdoor exposure is predominantly controlled by the ambient humidity, temperature, and ultraviolet (UV) irradiation as well as the mechanical and thermal stresses. Outdoor exposure with multiple cycles of water absorption and desorption degrades the PV module materials as well as their interfaces. This water diffusion behavior, when characterized through reliable and realistic methods, can be used to accurately predict the water concentration within the PV module and thereby help to predict the water-induced degradation in PV module. An in-situ gravimetric method was used in this study to characterize the effects of temperature on the water diffusion behavior of ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA). Both water absorption and desorption in the EVA showed a simple Fickian behavior. The water diffusion and solubility coefficients determined from in-situ gravimetric experiments in the test range of 24°–50 °C reasonably fitted the Arrhenius rate equations with an activation energy of 30.64 kJ/mol and heat of solution −16.86 kJ/mol, respectively. Finally, the data from the in-situ gravimetric technique was used to simulate and compare the water diffusion within a glass-glass PV module laminate where exposed to accelerated and Delhi outdoor environments. Water penetration depth is limited to about 50 mm for the ten cycles of the humidity freeze test, while it extends to about 110 mm for both 1000 h of damp heat test and one-year outdoor environment. • In-situ gravimetric technique was used to characterize the water diffusion behavior of encapsulant EVA material.. • EVA is shown to follow simple Fickian behavior for both water absorption and desorption. • Water diffusion and solubility coefficient were shown to follow the Arrhenius rate equation. • Simulated water concentration within a glass-EVA-glass PV module laminate exposed to accelerated and outdoor environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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Database: Engineering Source
Description
Abstract:Durability of photovoltaic (PV) module under outdoor exposure is predominantly controlled by the ambient humidity, temperature, and ultraviolet (UV) irradiation as well as the mechanical and thermal stresses. Outdoor exposure with multiple cycles of water absorption and desorption degrades the PV module materials as well as their interfaces. This water diffusion behavior, when characterized through reliable and realistic methods, can be used to accurately predict the water concentration within the PV module and thereby help to predict the water-induced degradation in PV module. An in-situ gravimetric method was used in this study to characterize the effects of temperature on the water diffusion behavior of ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA). Both water absorption and desorption in the EVA showed a simple Fickian behavior. The water diffusion and solubility coefficients determined from in-situ gravimetric experiments in the test range of 24°–50 °C reasonably fitted the Arrhenius rate equations with an activation energy of 30.64 kJ/mol and heat of solution −16.86 kJ/mol, respectively. Finally, the data from the in-situ gravimetric technique was used to simulate and compare the water diffusion within a glass-glass PV module laminate where exposed to accelerated and Delhi outdoor environments. Water penetration depth is limited to about 50 mm for the ten cycles of the humidity freeze test, while it extends to about 110 mm for both 1000 h of damp heat test and one-year outdoor environment. • In-situ gravimetric technique was used to characterize the water diffusion behavior of encapsulant EVA material.. • EVA is shown to follow simple Fickian behavior for both water absorption and desorption. • Water diffusion and solubility coefficient were shown to follow the Arrhenius rate equation. • Simulated water concentration within a glass-EVA-glass PV module laminate exposed to accelerated and outdoor environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
ISSN:09270248
DOI:10.1016/j.solmat.2019.110063