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Evaluation of the photodegradation of pharmaceuticals and dyes in water using a highly visible light-active graphitic carbon nitride modified with tungsten oxide.

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Title: Evaluation of the photodegradation of pharmaceuticals and dyes in water using a highly visible light-active graphitic carbon nitride modified with tungsten oxide.
Authors: Zwane, Simphiwe1 (AUTHOR), Dlamini, Derrick S.1,2 (AUTHOR), Mamba, Bhekie B.1 (AUTHOR), Kuvarega, Alex T.1 (AUTHOR) kuvarat@unisa.ac.za
Source: Inorganic Chemistry Communications. May2023, Vol. 151, pN.PAG-N.PAG. 1p.
Subjects: Tungsten oxides, Photodegradation, Water use, Precipitation (Chemistry), Rhodamine B, Nitrides
Abstract: [Display omitted] • WO 3 /g-C 3 N 4 was synthesized using precipitation and calcination method. • Chemical integration of WO 3 and g-C 3 N 4 improved the photocatalysis process. • Within 120 min, the photodegradation of tartrazine and rhodamine B was 99%. • Possible degradation mechanism using WO 3 /g-C 3 N 4 was proposed. • WO 3 /g-C 3 N 4 was stable after 5 photodegradation cycles with RSD% of 2.6%. The coupling of semiconductor photocatalysts is a promising technique for reducing rapid recombination of photo-generated electron-hole and improving the separation of photoinduced charges in photodegradation processes. The heterojunction WO 3 /g-C 3 N 4 was synthesized using a superficial precipitation and calcination method for the photodegradation of selected dyes and pharmaceuticals in water. The integration of WO 3 and g-C 3 N 4 was confirmed using characterization techniques such as FTIR, Raman, BET, UV–Vis, TGA, XRD, XPS and HR-TEM. Zetapotential analysis revealed improved surface area, less negative charge, and enhanced conductivity of the heterojunction photocatalyst. The electrochemical analysis further confirmed separation of electron/hole pairs and faster interfacial charge transfer within the hybrid photocatalyst. An improvement in the recombination of electrons and holes in photocatalysts was proven by PL analysis. Both Rhodamine B and tartrazine were completely photodegraded within 120 min. Carbamazepine and ibuprofen needed more reaction time to be fully degraded using WG photocatalyst. Hydroxyl radicals, holes and superoxide participated in the photodegradation process where the hydroxyl radicals were the dominant species. The hybrid photocatalyst produced stable photodegradation performance for five cycles and the relative standard deviation percentage (RSD%) was 2.68. The WO 3 /g-C 3 N 4 photocatalyst is a promising visible light active material for the treatment of pharmaceuticals and dyes in water using the photocatalysis process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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Database: Engineering Source
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Abstract:[Display omitted] • WO 3 /g-C 3 N 4 was synthesized using precipitation and calcination method. • Chemical integration of WO 3 and g-C 3 N 4 improved the photocatalysis process. • Within 120 min, the photodegradation of tartrazine and rhodamine B was 99%. • Possible degradation mechanism using WO 3 /g-C 3 N 4 was proposed. • WO 3 /g-C 3 N 4 was stable after 5 photodegradation cycles with RSD% of 2.6%. The coupling of semiconductor photocatalysts is a promising technique for reducing rapid recombination of photo-generated electron-hole and improving the separation of photoinduced charges in photodegradation processes. The heterojunction WO 3 /g-C 3 N 4 was synthesized using a superficial precipitation and calcination method for the photodegradation of selected dyes and pharmaceuticals in water. The integration of WO 3 and g-C 3 N 4 was confirmed using characterization techniques such as FTIR, Raman, BET, UV–Vis, TGA, XRD, XPS and HR-TEM. Zetapotential analysis revealed improved surface area, less negative charge, and enhanced conductivity of the heterojunction photocatalyst. The electrochemical analysis further confirmed separation of electron/hole pairs and faster interfacial charge transfer within the hybrid photocatalyst. An improvement in the recombination of electrons and holes in photocatalysts was proven by PL analysis. Both Rhodamine B and tartrazine were completely photodegraded within 120 min. Carbamazepine and ibuprofen needed more reaction time to be fully degraded using WG photocatalyst. Hydroxyl radicals, holes and superoxide participated in the photodegradation process where the hydroxyl radicals were the dominant species. The hybrid photocatalyst produced stable photodegradation performance for five cycles and the relative standard deviation percentage (RSD%) was 2.68. The WO 3 /g-C 3 N 4 photocatalyst is a promising visible light active material for the treatment of pharmaceuticals and dyes in water using the photocatalysis process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
ISSN:13877003
DOI:10.1016/j.inoche.2023.110637