Integrating shallow head measurements and InSAR data to quantify groundwater-storage change in San Joaquin Valley, California (USA).
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| Title: | Integrating shallow head measurements and InSAR data to quantify groundwater-storage change in San Joaquin Valley, California (USA). |
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| Alternate Title: | Integración de mediciones de carga hidráulica y datos InSAR para cuantificar el cambio en el almacenamiento de aguas subterráneas en el Valle de San Joaquín, California (EEUU). Intégration des mesures de charges hydrauliques à faible profondeur et des données InSAR pour quantifier les changements au sein des réserves des eaux souterraines dans la vallée de San Joaquin, Californie (Etats-Unis d'Amérique) Integração de medições de altura superficial e dados InSAR para quantificar mudanças no armazenamento de água subterrânea no Vale de San Joaquin, Califórnia (EUA). 整合浅层水位观测与InSAR数据以量化加利福尼亚州San Joaquin谷地地下水储存变化. |
| Authors: | Lees, M.1 (AUTHOR) mlees@stanford.edu, Knight, R.1 (AUTHOR) |
| Source: | Hydrogeology Journal. Dec2023, Vol. 31 Issue 8, p2041-2060. 20p. |
| Subjects: | Cephalometry, Groundwater management, Deformation of surfaces, Accounting methods, Deformations (Mechanics) |
| Geographic Terms: | California |
| Abstract (English): | Monitoring groundwater storage is essential for sustainable groundwater management. Storage can be quantified by considering the two main components through which storage change is expressed: saturation changes and deformation of aquifer materials. Here, these components were quantified using a selected area in California's San Joaquin Valley (USA). First, this involved following existing observational approaches: quantifying the component expressed through saturation changes by identifying head measurements from shallow wells and scaling by specific yield. In the San Joaquin Valley, existing approaches to estimate the deformation component are to ignore it or approximate it with a simple linear relation to measured head. However, head and deformation measurements made at extensometers revealed that assuming a linear relationship between deformation and head might provide a poor estimate, particularly during periods in which measured head is rising. Instead, InSAR-derived surface deformation measurements were used to quantify the deformation component of storage changes. This showed that the two components—saturation and deformation—accounted for storage declines of equal magnitude over 2015–2021, suggesting that the deformation component should not be neglected when estimating storage changes in regions with subsidence. Summing the two calculated components gave a new estimate of the total storage change that captured the major trends seen in independent estimates, while better accounting for the deformation component. An additional benefit is that this method accounts for the deformation component in the unconfined aquifer. This method to quantify total storage change can be a practical and effective tool to support groundwater management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Abstract (Spanish): | Resumen: El monitoreo del almacenamiento de las aguas subterráneas es esencial para su gestión sostenible. El almacenamiento puede cuantificarse considerando los dos componentes principales a través de los cuales se expresa el cambio de almacenamiento: los cambios de saturación y la deformación de los materiales del acuífero. Estos componentes se cuantificaron en una zona seleccionada del valle de San Joaquín, en California (EE.UU.). En primer lugar, se siguieron los enfoques observacionales existentes: cuantificar el componente expresado a través de los cambios de saturación mediante la identificación de las mediciones de la carga hidráulica de pozos poco profundos y su escalado por rendimiento específico. En el valle de San Joaquín, los enfoques existentes para estimar el componente de deformación consisten en no tenerlo en cuenta o aproximarlo mediante una simple relación lineal con la altura medida. Sin embargo, las mediciones de la carga hidráulica y la deformación realizadas en los extensómetros revelaron que suponer una relación lineal entre la deformación y la carga hidráulica podría proporcionar una estimación deficiente, especialmente durante los periodos en los que la carga hidráulica medida aumenta. En su lugar, se utilizaron mediciones de deformación superficial derivadas de InSAR para cuantificar el componente de deformación de los cambios de almacenamiento. Esto demostró que los dos componentes—saturación y deformación—representaban disminuciones de almacenamiento de igual magnitud durante 2015–2021, lo que sugiere que el componente de deformación no debe despreciarse al estimar los cambios de almacenamiento en regiones con subsidencia. La suma de los dos componentes calculados dio lugar a una nueva estimación del cambio total de almacenamiento que recogía las principales tendencias observadas en las estimaciones independientes, al tiempo que tenía más en cuenta el componente de deformación. Una ventaja adicional es que este método tiene en cuenta el componente de deformación en el acuífero no confinado. Este método para cuantificar el cambio total de almacenamiento puede ser una herramienta práctica y eficaz para apoyar la gestión de las aguas subterráneas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Abstract (French): | Résumé: Le suivi des réserves des eaux souterraines est essentiel pour la gestion durable des eaux souterraines. La réserve peut être quantifiée en considérant les deux composantes principales par lesquelles le changement de réserve est exprimé: les changements de saturation et la déformation des matériaux de l'aquifère. Ces composantes ont été quantifiées dans une zone sélectionnée de la vallée californienne de San Joaquin (États-Unis d'Amérique). Tout d'abord, cela impliquait des approches d'observation existantes permettant la quantification de la composante exprimée par les changements de saturation en identifiant les mesures de la charge hydraulique des puits peu profonds et la mise à l'échelle à l'aide du rendement spécifique. Dans la vallée de San Joaquin, les approches existantes pour estimer la composante de déformation consistent à l'ignorer ou à l'approximer par une simple relation linéaire avec la hauteur de la charge hydraulique mesurée. Cependant, les mesures de la charge hydraulique et de la déformation effectuées au niveau des extensomètres ont révélé que l'hypothèse d'une relation linéaire entre la déformation et la charge hydraulique pourrait fournir une mauvaise estimation, en particulier pendant les périodes au cours desquelles la charge hydraulique mesurée augmente. Au lieu de cela, des mesures de déformation de surface dérivées de l'InSAR ont été utilisées pour quantifier la composante de déformation des variations des réserves. Il en ressort que les deux composantes—saturation et déformation—sont à l'origine de baisses de réserves de même ampleur sur la période 2015–2021, suggérant que la composante déformation ne doit pas être négligée lors de l'estimation des variations de réserves dans les régions impactées par la subsidence. La somme des deux composantes calculées a permis d'obtenir une nouvelle estimation de la variation totale des réserves qui reflète les principales tendances observées dans les estimations indépendantes, tout en tenant mieux compte de la composante de déformation. Un avantage supplémentaire est que cette méthode tient compte de la composante de déformation dans l'aquifère libre. Cette méthode de quantification de la variation totale des réserves peut être un outil pratique et efficace pour appuyer la gestion des eaux souterraines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Abstract (Portuguese): | Resumo: O monitoramento do armazenamento de águas subterrâneas é essencial para uma gestão sustentável das águas subterrâneas. O armazenamento pode ser quantificado considerando os dois componentes principais através dos quais as alterações no armazenamento são expressas: alterações na saturação e deformação dos materiais do aquífero. Aqui, esses componentes foram quantificados usando uma área selecionada no Vale de San Joaquin, na Califórnia (EUA). Primeiro, isso envolveu seguir as abordagens observacionais existentes: quantificar o componente expresso através de mudanças de saturação, identificando medições de altura manométrica de poços rasos e dimensionando por rendimento específico. No Vale de San Joaquin, as abordagens existentes para estimar o componente de deformação são ignorá-lo ou aproximá-lo com uma relação linear simples com a carga medida. No entanto, as medições de carga e deformação feitas em extensômetros revelaram que assumir uma relação linear entre deformação e carga pode fornecer uma estimativa ruim, particularmente durante os períodos em que a carga medida está aumentando. Em vez disso, medições de deformação superficial derivadas do InSAR foram usadas para quantificar o componente de deformação das alterações de armazenamento. Isto mostrou que as duas componentes – saturação e deformação – foram responsáveis por declínios de armazenamento de igual magnitude ao longo de 2015-2021, sugerindo que a componente de deformação não deve ser negligenciada ao estimar alterações de armazenamento em regiões com subsidência. A soma dos dois componentes calculados deu uma nova estimativa da mudança total de armazenamento que capturou as principais tendências observadas em estimativas independentes, ao mesmo tempo que contabilizava melhor o componente de deformação. Um benefício adicional é que este método leva em conta o componente de deformação no aquífero não confinado. Este método para quantificar a mudança total no armazenamento pode ser uma ferramenta prática e eficaz para apoiar a gestão das águas subterrâneas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Abstract (Chinese): | 摘要: 地下水储量监测对可持续的地下水管理至关重要。储量可以通过考虑两个反映储量变化的主要要素来进行量化:饱和度变化和含水层介质的变形。在这里，对美国加利福尼亚州San Joaquin谷地的某区进行了这些要素的量化。首先，这涉及遵循现有的观测方法:通过识别浅层井的水位测量并乘以给水度来量化通过饱和度变化表达的组成部分。在San Joaquin谷地，现有的估算变形影响的方法是忽略它，或者用一个简单的线性关系来近似衡量水位。然而，通过测量伸缩计获得的水位和变形测量结果表明，在假设变形与水位之间存在线性关系的情况下，尤其是在测得的水位上升的时期，这可能会导致估算结果较差。相反，使用InSAR获取的地表形变测量结果来量化储量变化的变形部分。这表明，在2015年至2021年期间，饱和度和地表变形这两个主要因素对储量下降的贡献相等，这表明在估算带有沉降区域的储量变化时，不应忽视变形的影响。将两个计算出的因素相加，得出了新的总储量变化估算值，该值捕捉到了独立估算中所见的主要趋势，同时更好地考虑了变形影响。另一个好处是，这种方法还考虑了自由含水层中的变形影响。这种量化总储量变化的方法可以成为支持地下水管理的实用有效工具。 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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| Database: | Engineering Source |
| Abstract: | Monitoring groundwater storage is essential for sustainable groundwater management. Storage can be quantified by considering the two main components through which storage change is expressed: saturation changes and deformation of aquifer materials. Here, these components were quantified using a selected area in California's San Joaquin Valley (USA). First, this involved following existing observational approaches: quantifying the component expressed through saturation changes by identifying head measurements from shallow wells and scaling by specific yield. In the San Joaquin Valley, existing approaches to estimate the deformation component are to ignore it or approximate it with a simple linear relation to measured head. However, head and deformation measurements made at extensometers revealed that assuming a linear relationship between deformation and head might provide a poor estimate, particularly during periods in which measured head is rising. Instead, InSAR-derived surface deformation measurements were used to quantify the deformation component of storage changes. This showed that the two components—saturation and deformation—accounted for storage declines of equal magnitude over 2015–2021, suggesting that the deformation component should not be neglected when estimating storage changes in regions with subsidence. Summing the two calculated components gave a new estimate of the total storage change that captured the major trends seen in independent estimates, while better accounting for the deformation component. An additional benefit is that this method accounts for the deformation component in the unconfined aquifer. This method to quantify total storage change can be a practical and effective tool to support groundwater management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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| ISSN: | 14312174 |
| DOI: | 10.1007/s10040-023-02705-7 |
