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Prenatal exposure to fine particulate matter chemical constituents and the risk of stillbirth and the mediating role of pregnancy complications: A cohort study.

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Title: Prenatal exposure to fine particulate matter chemical constituents and the risk of stillbirth and the mediating role of pregnancy complications: A cohort study.
Authors: Shi, Tianshan1 (AUTHOR), Ma, Hanping1,2 (AUTHOR), Li, Donghua1 (AUTHOR), Pan, Li2 (AUTHOR), Wang, Tingrong1 (AUTHOR), Li, Rui1 (AUTHOR), Ren, Xiaowei1 (AUTHOR) renxw@lzu.edu.cn
Source: Chemosphere. Feb2024, Vol. 349, pN.PAG-N.PAG. 1p.
Subjects: Pregnancy complications, Stillbirth, Particulate matter, Prenatal exposure, Cesarean section, Gestational diabetes, Pregnant women
Geographic Terms: China
Abstract: Evidence on the association of fine particulate matter (PM 2.5) exposure with stillbirth is limited and inconsistent, which is largely attributed to differences in PM 2.5 constituents. Studies have found that the hazards of certain PM 2.5 constituents to the fetus are comparable to or even higher than total PM 2.5 mass. However, few studies have linked PM 2.5 constituents to stillbirth. Moreover, the mediating role of pregnancy complications in PM 2.5 -related stillbirth remains unclear. To our knowledge, this study was the first to explore the individual and mixed associations of PM 2.5 and its constituents with stillbirth in China. After matching the concentrations of PM 2.5 and its constituents (sulfate [SO 4 2−], nitrate [NO 3 −], ammonium [NH 4 +], organic matter [OM], and black carbon [BC]) for participants according to their geographical location, there were 170,507 participants included in this study. We found that stillbirth was associated with exposure to PM 2.5 and its constituents in the year before pregnancy and during the entire pregnancy, and the associations in trimester 1 were strongest. The risk of stillbirth increased sharply when PM 2.5 and its constituents during pregnancy exceeded the median concentrations. Moreover, stillbirth was associated with exposure to the mixtures of SO 4 2−, NO 3 −, NH 4 +, OM, and BC before and during pregnancy (trimesters 1 and 2). Meanwhile, two-pollutant models also suggested stillbirth was associated with PM 2.5 and its constituents in the year before and during pregnancy. The associations of PM 2.5 and its constituents with stillbirth were stronger in mothers with advanced age and without cesarean delivery history. Additionally, hypertensive disorders in pregnancy, gestational diabetes, and placental abruption mediated the association of PM 2.5 with stillbirth. Therefore, enhanced protection against PM 2.5 for pregnant women before and during pregnancy and targeted interventions for pregnancy complications and anthropogenic sources of PM 2.5 constituents are important to reduce stillbirth risk. [Display omitted] • The first study to reveal the association between PM 2.5 constituents and stillbirth in China. • The first trimester is the susceptibility window for stillbirths caused by PM 2.5. • Targeted control for the anthropogenic sources of SO 4 2− and BC is important. • Pregnancy complications mediated the risk of stillbirth related to PM 2.5. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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Database: Engineering Source
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Abstract:Evidence on the association of fine particulate matter (PM 2.5) exposure with stillbirth is limited and inconsistent, which is largely attributed to differences in PM 2.5 constituents. Studies have found that the hazards of certain PM 2.5 constituents to the fetus are comparable to or even higher than total PM 2.5 mass. However, few studies have linked PM 2.5 constituents to stillbirth. Moreover, the mediating role of pregnancy complications in PM 2.5 -related stillbirth remains unclear. To our knowledge, this study was the first to explore the individual and mixed associations of PM 2.5 and its constituents with stillbirth in China. After matching the concentrations of PM 2.5 and its constituents (sulfate [SO 4 2−], nitrate [NO 3 −], ammonium [NH 4 +], organic matter [OM], and black carbon [BC]) for participants according to their geographical location, there were 170,507 participants included in this study. We found that stillbirth was associated with exposure to PM 2.5 and its constituents in the year before pregnancy and during the entire pregnancy, and the associations in trimester 1 were strongest. The risk of stillbirth increased sharply when PM 2.5 and its constituents during pregnancy exceeded the median concentrations. Moreover, stillbirth was associated with exposure to the mixtures of SO 4 2−, NO 3 −, NH 4 +, OM, and BC before and during pregnancy (trimesters 1 and 2). Meanwhile, two-pollutant models also suggested stillbirth was associated with PM 2.5 and its constituents in the year before and during pregnancy. The associations of PM 2.5 and its constituents with stillbirth were stronger in mothers with advanced age and without cesarean delivery history. Additionally, hypertensive disorders in pregnancy, gestational diabetes, and placental abruption mediated the association of PM 2.5 with stillbirth. Therefore, enhanced protection against PM 2.5 for pregnant women before and during pregnancy and targeted interventions for pregnancy complications and anthropogenic sources of PM 2.5 constituents are important to reduce stillbirth risk. [Display omitted] • The first study to reveal the association between PM 2.5 constituents and stillbirth in China. • The first trimester is the susceptibility window for stillbirths caused by PM 2.5. • Targeted control for the anthropogenic sources of SO 4 2− and BC is important. • Pregnancy complications mediated the risk of stillbirth related to PM 2.5. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
ISSN:00456535
DOI:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140858