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Stress relaxation rates of myocardium from failing and non-failing hearts.

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Title: Stress relaxation rates of myocardium from failing and non-failing hearts.
Authors: Gionet-Gonzales, Marissa1,2 (AUTHOR), Gathman, Gianna1 (AUTHOR), Rosas, Jonah3 (AUTHOR), Kunisaki, Kyle Y.2 (AUTHOR), Inocencio, Dominique Gabriele P.2 (AUTHOR), Hakami, Niki2 (AUTHOR), Milburn, Gregory N.4 (AUTHOR), Pitenis, Angela A.3 (AUTHOR), Campbell, Kenneth S.4 (AUTHOR), Pruitt, Beth L.1,2 (AUTHOR) blp@ucsb.edu, Stowers, Ryan S.1,2 (AUTHOR) rstowers@ucsb.edu
Source: Biomechanics & Modeling in Mechanobiology. Feb2025, Vol. 24 Issue 1, p265-280. 16p.
Subjects: Stress relaxation tests, Stains & staining (Microscopy), Strains & stresses (Mechanics), Pericardium, Medical sciences, Heart
Abstract: The heart is a dynamic pump whose function is influenced by its mechanical properties. The viscoelastic properties of the heart, i.e., its ability to exhibit both elastic and viscous characteristics upon deformation, influence cardiac function. Viscoelastic properties change during heart failure (HF), but direct measurements of failing and non-failing myocardial tissue stress relaxation under constant displacement are lacking. Further, how consequences of tissue remodeling, such as fibrosis and fat accumulation, alter the stress relaxation remains unknown. To address this gap, we conducted stress relaxation tests on porcine myocardial tissue to establish baseline properties of cardiac tissue. We found porcine myocardial tissue to be fast relaxing, characterized by stress relaxation tests on both a rheometer and microindenter. We then measured human left ventricle (LV) epicardium and endocardium tissue from non-failing, ischemic HF and non-ischemic HF patients by microindentation. Analyzing by patient groups, we found that ischemic HF samples had slower stress relaxation than non-failing endocardium. Categorizing the data by stress relaxation times, we found that slower stress relaxing tissues were correlated with increased collagen deposition and increased α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) stress fibers, a marker of fibrosis and cardiac fibroblast activation, respectively. In the epicardium, analyzing by patient groups, we found that ischemic HF had faster stress relaxation than non-ischemic HF and non-failing. When categorizing by stress relaxation times, we found that faster stress relaxation correlated with Oil Red O staining, a marker for adipose tissue. These data show that changes in stress relaxation vary across the different layers of the heart during ischemic versus non-ischemic HF. These findings reveal how the viscoelasticity of the heart changes, which will lead to better modeling of cardiac mechanics for in vitro and in silico HF models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Biomechanics & Modeling in Mechanobiology is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Stress relaxation rates of myocardium from failing and non-failing hearts.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Gionet-Gonzales%2C+Marissa%22">Gionet-Gonzales, Marissa</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Gathman%2C+Gianna%22">Gathman, Gianna</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Rosas%2C+Jonah%22">Rosas, Jonah</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kunisaki%2C+Kyle+Y%2E%22">Kunisaki, Kyle Y.</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Inocencio%2C+Dominique+Gabriele+P%2E%22">Inocencio, Dominique Gabriele P.</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hakami%2C+Niki%22">Hakami, Niki</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Milburn%2C+Gregory+N%2E%22">Milburn, Gregory N.</searchLink><relatesTo>4</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Pitenis%2C+Angela+A%2E%22">Pitenis, Angela A.</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Campbell%2C+Kenneth+S%2E%22">Campbell, Kenneth S.</searchLink><relatesTo>4</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Pruitt%2C+Beth+L%2E%22">Pruitt, Beth L.</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> blp@ucsb.edu</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Stowers%2C+Ryan+S%2E%22">Stowers, Ryan S.</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> rstowers@ucsb.edu</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Biomechanics+%26+Modeling+in+Mechanobiology%22">Biomechanics & Modeling in Mechanobiology</searchLink>. Feb2025, Vol. 24 Issue 1, p265-280. 16p.
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  Data: The heart is a dynamic pump whose function is influenced by its mechanical properties. The viscoelastic properties of the heart, i.e., its ability to exhibit both elastic and viscous characteristics upon deformation, influence cardiac function. Viscoelastic properties change during heart failure (HF), but direct measurements of failing and non-failing myocardial tissue stress relaxation under constant displacement are lacking. Further, how consequences of tissue remodeling, such as fibrosis and fat accumulation, alter the stress relaxation remains unknown. To address this gap, we conducted stress relaxation tests on porcine myocardial tissue to establish baseline properties of cardiac tissue. We found porcine myocardial tissue to be fast relaxing, characterized by stress relaxation tests on both a rheometer and microindenter. We then measured human left ventricle (LV) epicardium and endocardium tissue from non-failing, ischemic HF and non-ischemic HF patients by microindentation. Analyzing by patient groups, we found that ischemic HF samples had slower stress relaxation than non-failing endocardium. Categorizing the data by stress relaxation times, we found that slower stress relaxing tissues were correlated with increased collagen deposition and increased α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) stress fibers, a marker of fibrosis and cardiac fibroblast activation, respectively. In the epicardium, analyzing by patient groups, we found that ischemic HF had faster stress relaxation than non-ischemic HF and non-failing. When categorizing by stress relaxation times, we found that faster stress relaxation correlated with Oil Red O staining, a marker for adipose tissue. These data show that changes in stress relaxation vary across the different layers of the heart during ischemic versus non-ischemic HF. These findings reveal how the viscoelasticity of the heart changes, which will lead to better modeling of cardiac mechanics for in vitro and in silico HF models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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  Data: <i>Copyright of Biomechanics & Modeling in Mechanobiology is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1007/s10237-024-01909-4
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