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Metabolomic study of marketable and unmarketable chili peppers (Capsicum annuum L.) classified by the fruit size and shape.

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Title: Metabolomic study of marketable and unmarketable chili peppers (Capsicum annuum L.) classified by the fruit size and shape.
Authors: Kim, Won-Ryeol1 (AUTHOR), Thiruvengadam, Muthu1 (AUTHOR), Kim, Seung-Hyun1 (AUTHOR) kshkim@konkuk.ac.kr
Source: Food Chemistry. Jul2025, Vol. 480, pN.PAG-N.PAG. 1p.
Subjects: Capsicum annuum, Nutritional value, Vitamin C, Phenolic acids, Fruit
Abstract: Research on appearance and nutritional value of peppers is limited. Therefore, we compared nutritional metabolites in marketable and unmarketable red/green chili peppers. Unmarketable peppers were categorized as UM1 (curved-shaped), UM2 (small-sized), and UM3 (curved, small) referring international standards. Most metabolites in unmarketable peppers were comparable to those in marketable for both colors. Metabolites like capsaicinoids, vitamin C, and phenolics in UM1 were similar to those in marketable peppers. Targeted phenolic acids sum was at least six-fold higher in green UM2 and UM3 than in marketable. Besides, capsaicinoids of three- to five-fold and α-tocopherol of ∼30 % higher contents were found in red UM2 and UM3 compared to in their marketable. Therefore, pepper size can be considered a more crucial determining factor of nutritional value rather than curvature, possibly making unmarketable peppers potential nutrient sources. These results enhance nutritional understanding of unmarketable peppers and contribute to improving the perception of unmarketable produce. • Unmarketable produce has comparable nutritional value with marketable produce. • Small-sized chili peppers had higher capsaicinoid content than normal peppers. • Nutritional value of chili peppers is influenced more by size than curvature. • Small-sized unmarketable produce showed higher DPPH activity than marketable ones. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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Database: Engineering Source
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Abstract:Research on appearance and nutritional value of peppers is limited. Therefore, we compared nutritional metabolites in marketable and unmarketable red/green chili peppers. Unmarketable peppers were categorized as UM1 (curved-shaped), UM2 (small-sized), and UM3 (curved, small) referring international standards. Most metabolites in unmarketable peppers were comparable to those in marketable for both colors. Metabolites like capsaicinoids, vitamin C, and phenolics in UM1 were similar to those in marketable peppers. Targeted phenolic acids sum was at least six-fold higher in green UM2 and UM3 than in marketable. Besides, capsaicinoids of three- to five-fold and α-tocopherol of ∼30 % higher contents were found in red UM2 and UM3 compared to in their marketable. Therefore, pepper size can be considered a more crucial determining factor of nutritional value rather than curvature, possibly making unmarketable peppers potential nutrient sources. These results enhance nutritional understanding of unmarketable peppers and contribute to improving the perception of unmarketable produce. • Unmarketable produce has comparable nutritional value with marketable produce. • Small-sized chili peppers had higher capsaicinoid content than normal peppers. • Nutritional value of chili peppers is influenced more by size than curvature. • Small-sized unmarketable produce showed higher DPPH activity than marketable ones. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
ISSN:03088146
DOI:10.1016/j.foodchem.2025.143897