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Diopside-based bioactive glass-ceramic nanoparticles for osteoimmunomodulation.

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Title: Diopside-based bioactive glass-ceramic nanoparticles for osteoimmunomodulation.
Authors: Latt, Sun1,2 (AUTHOR), Sotoudehbagha, Pedram1 (AUTHOR), Cardenas, Valeria1,2 (AUTHOR), Larraza, Andres1,3 (AUTHOR), Razavi, Mehdi1,3,4 (AUTHOR) Mehdi.Razavi@ucf.edu
Source: Ceramics International. Sep2025:Part B, Vol. 51 Issue 22, p36947-36960. 14p.
Subjects: Diopside, Nanoparticles, Biodegradation, Glass-ceramics, Osteitis, Cytocompatibility, Bone regeneration, Macrophage activation
Abstract: The objective of this study was to develop and characterize an osteoimmunomodulatory diopside-based glass-ceramic nanoparticle synthesized using a sol-gel synthesis method. Hydroxyapatite nanoparticles were utilized as a gold standard control. X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy equipped with energy dispersive spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering, and zeta-potential analysis were performed to characterize the crystalline phase, morphology, microstructure, composition, hydrodynamic size distribution, and surface charge, respectively. Weight loss, pH, and ion release were measured after immersion of glass-ceramic nanoparticles in simulated body fluid to evaluate the nanoparticle's biodegradation, showing ranges of Ca2+, Mg2+, and Si4+ ion release previously found to be osteogenic and angiogenic. Cytocompatibility with human bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells and murine RAW264.7 macrophages was studied using metabolic activity (MTT) and live/dead fluorescent assays, demonstrating dose-dependent cytotoxicity in RAW264.7 cells and excellent biocompatibility with mesenchymal stem cells. The effect of the nanoparticles on M1/M2 macrophage polarization potential was evaluated through ELISA and phase-contrast image analysis. Our glass-ceramic nanoparticle promoted greater M2-associated anti-inflammatory IL-1ra cytokine release than M1-associated pro-inflammatory TNF-α release compared to hydroxyapatite nanoparticles, though significant morphological changes were not observed. These results indicate that our glass-ceramic nanoparticle is a promising osteoimmunomodulatory biomaterial for bone regenerative applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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Database: Engineering Source
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Abstract:The objective of this study was to develop and characterize an osteoimmunomodulatory diopside-based glass-ceramic nanoparticle synthesized using a sol-gel synthesis method. Hydroxyapatite nanoparticles were utilized as a gold standard control. X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy equipped with energy dispersive spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering, and zeta-potential analysis were performed to characterize the crystalline phase, morphology, microstructure, composition, hydrodynamic size distribution, and surface charge, respectively. Weight loss, pH, and ion release were measured after immersion of glass-ceramic nanoparticles in simulated body fluid to evaluate the nanoparticle's biodegradation, showing ranges of Ca2+, Mg2+, and Si4+ ion release previously found to be osteogenic and angiogenic. Cytocompatibility with human bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells and murine RAW264.7 macrophages was studied using metabolic activity (MTT) and live/dead fluorescent assays, demonstrating dose-dependent cytotoxicity in RAW264.7 cells and excellent biocompatibility with mesenchymal stem cells. The effect of the nanoparticles on M1/M2 macrophage polarization potential was evaluated through ELISA and phase-contrast image analysis. Our glass-ceramic nanoparticle promoted greater M2-associated anti-inflammatory IL-1ra cytokine release than M1-associated pro-inflammatory TNF-α release compared to hydroxyapatite nanoparticles, though significant morphological changes were not observed. These results indicate that our glass-ceramic nanoparticle is a promising osteoimmunomodulatory biomaterial for bone regenerative applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
ISSN:02728842
DOI:10.1016/j.ceramint.2025.05.405