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Orthogonal Experimental Study on Laterite Modified with Solid Waste Composites: Mechanical Properties and Modification Mechanism.

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Title: Orthogonal Experimental Study on Laterite Modified with Solid Waste Composites: Mechanical Properties and Modification Mechanism.
Authors: Qiao, Wei1,2 (AUTHOR), Yue, Bing1,3 (AUTHOR) yue@email.cugb.edu.cn, Zhu, Shengli1,2 (AUTHOR), Luo, Zhihua1,3 (AUTHOR), Qian, Zengzhen1 (AUTHOR), Xie, Zilu1 (AUTHOR), Lin, Daming2 (AUTHOR)
Source: JOM: The Journal of The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society (TMS). Sep2025, Vol. 77 Issue 9, p6971-6982. 12p.
Subjects: Fly ash, Laterite, Measurement of shear strength, Solid waste, Steel wastes, Mechanical behavior of materials, Experimental design, Waste products as building materials
Abstract: Steel slag (SS), fly ash (FA), and ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) are bulk solid wastes in industrial production. In this paper, the influences of each component dosage in SS-FA-GGBFS composites on the shear strength parameters of the modified laterite were investigated using an orthogonal test. In the orthogonal experimental design, SS, FA, and GGBFS dosages were established as three independent variables. Five discrete dosage gradients (1–9%) were systematically implemented for each solid waste component, generating 25 discrete experimental configurations for direct shear tests. The acquired experimental datasets underwent rigorous range analysis and analysis of variance to quantify parametric influences on the cohesion and the internal friction angle of the composite-modified laterite. These statistical evaluations specifically targeted the determination of dosage-response relationships between solid waste constituents and the shear strength parameters. The results indicate that the dosage of SS has the greatest influence on the cohesion of the SS-FA-GGBFS composite-modified laterite, and that the dosage of GGBFS has the greatest influence on the internal friction angle of the SS-FA-GGBFS composite-modified laterite. The differences in the degree of influence of SS, FA and GGBFS on the cohesion of the modified laterite are due to the differences in the rates of hydration reaction of different types of solid waste. The spherical shape of FA particles leads to a decrease in the internal friction angle of modified laterite, and therefore has a less significant effect on the internal friction angle of modified laterite than that of SS and GGBFS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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Database: Engineering Source
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Abstract:Steel slag (SS), fly ash (FA), and ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) are bulk solid wastes in industrial production. In this paper, the influences of each component dosage in SS-FA-GGBFS composites on the shear strength parameters of the modified laterite were investigated using an orthogonal test. In the orthogonal experimental design, SS, FA, and GGBFS dosages were established as three independent variables. Five discrete dosage gradients (1–9%) were systematically implemented for each solid waste component, generating 25 discrete experimental configurations for direct shear tests. The acquired experimental datasets underwent rigorous range analysis and analysis of variance to quantify parametric influences on the cohesion and the internal friction angle of the composite-modified laterite. These statistical evaluations specifically targeted the determination of dosage-response relationships between solid waste constituents and the shear strength parameters. The results indicate that the dosage of SS has the greatest influence on the cohesion of the SS-FA-GGBFS composite-modified laterite, and that the dosage of GGBFS has the greatest influence on the internal friction angle of the SS-FA-GGBFS composite-modified laterite. The differences in the degree of influence of SS, FA and GGBFS on the cohesion of the modified laterite are due to the differences in the rates of hydration reaction of different types of solid waste. The spherical shape of FA particles leads to a decrease in the internal friction angle of modified laterite, and therefore has a less significant effect on the internal friction angle of modified laterite than that of SS and GGBFS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
ISSN:10474838
DOI:10.1007/s11837-025-07494-w