A posteriori error estimates for the finite element approximation of the convection–diffusion–reaction equation based on the variational multiscale concept.

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Title: A posteriori error estimates for the finite element approximation of the convection–diffusion–reaction equation based on the variational multiscale concept.
Authors: Codina, Ramon1,2 (AUTHOR) ramon.codina@upc.edu, Gravenkamp, Hauke3 (AUTHOR) hauke.gravenkamp@ovgu.de, Khan, Sheraz Ahmed1,2 (AUTHOR) sheraz.ahmed@upc.edu
Source: Applied Numerical Mathematics. Dec2025, Vol. 218, p238-260. 23p.
Subjects: A posteriori error analysis, Transport equation, A priori, Equations
Abstract: In this study, we employ the variational multiscale (VMS) concept to develop a posteriori error estimates for the stationary convection-diffusion-reaction equation. The variational multiscale method is based on splitting the continuous part of the problem into a resolved scale (coarse scale) and an unresolved scale (fine scale). The unresolved scale (also known as the sub-grid scale) is modeled by choosing it proportional to the component of the residual orthogonal to the finite element space, leading to the orthogonal sub-grid scale (OSGS) method. The idea is then to use the modeled sub-grid scale as an error estimator, considering its contribution in the element interiors and on the edges. We present the results of the a priori analysis and two different strategies for the a posteriori error analysis for the OSGS method. Our proposal is to use a scaled norm of the sub-grid scales as an a posteriori error estimate in the so-called stabilized norm of the problem. This norm has control over the convective term, which is necessary for convection-dominated problems. Numerical examples show the reliable performance of the proposed error estimator compared to other error estimators belonging to the variational multiscale family. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Applied Numerical Mathematics is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: A posteriori error estimates for the finite element approximation of the convection–diffusion–reaction equation based on the variational multiscale concept.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Applied+Numerical+Mathematics%22">Applied Numerical Mathematics</searchLink>. Dec2025, Vol. 218, p238-260. 23p.
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  Data: In this study, we employ the variational multiscale (VMS) concept to develop a posteriori error estimates for the stationary convection-diffusion-reaction equation. The variational multiscale method is based on splitting the continuous part of the problem into a resolved scale (coarse scale) and an unresolved scale (fine scale). The unresolved scale (also known as the sub-grid scale) is modeled by choosing it proportional to the component of the residual orthogonal to the finite element space, leading to the orthogonal sub-grid scale (OSGS) method. The idea is then to use the modeled sub-grid scale as an error estimator, considering its contribution in the element interiors and on the edges. We present the results of the a priori analysis and two different strategies for the a posteriori error analysis for the OSGS method. Our proposal is to use a scaled norm of the sub-grid scales as an a posteriori error estimate in the so-called stabilized norm of the problem. This norm has control over the convective term, which is necessary for convection-dominated problems. Numerical examples show the reliable performance of the proposed error estimator compared to other error estimators belonging to the variational multiscale family. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Applied Numerical Mathematics is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1016/j.apnum.2025.08.003
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 23
        StartPage: 238
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: A posteriori error analysis
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Transport equation
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: A priori
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Equations
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: A posteriori error estimates for the finite element approximation of the convection–diffusion–reaction equation based on the variational multiscale concept.
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            NameFull: Codina, Ramon
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            NameFull: Gravenkamp, Hauke
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            NameFull: Khan, Sheraz Ahmed
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          Dates:
            – D: 01
              M: 12
              Text: Dec2025
              Type: published
              Y: 2025
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              Value: 01689274
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              Value: 218
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            – TitleFull: Applied Numerical Mathematics
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