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Balanced water transport and evaporation by directionally wettability-gradient assembled evaporator for cascaded anti-oil and desalination.

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Title: Balanced water transport and evaporation by directionally wettability-gradient assembled evaporator for cascaded anti-oil and desalination.
Authors: Luan, Chujun1 (AUTHOR), Lin, Fawei1 (AUTHOR) linfawei@tju.edu.cn, Mao, Huiyi1 (AUTHOR), Wang, Xudong1 (AUTHOR), Chen, Ziyu1 (AUTHOR), Bigaliev, Aitkhazha Bigalievich2 (AUTHOR), Eminov, Ashraf Mamurovich3 (AUTHOR), Chen, Guanyi4 (AUTHOR)
Source: Water Research. Jan2026:Part A, Vol. 288, pN.PAG-N.PAG. 1p.
Subjects: Wastewater treatment, Oil removal (Sewage purification), Evaporative power, Evaporators, Transport theory, Solar energy, Salinity
Abstract: • A wettability-graded evaporator is proposed for petrochemical wastewater treatment. • Place the most hydrophilic CuO at the terminus ensures unidirectional transport. • The estimated daily water production is sufficient to daily water of 2 adults. • Achieve a high evaporation rate of 2.66 kg·m−2·h−1, improving 112.20%. • Successfully apply the system to Bohai seawater and drilling wastewater. Despite solar-driven interfacial evaporation achieving remarkable progress in wastewater treatment, its application in petrochemical wastewater remains constrained, given that the coexistence of oil and salt impedes water transport and exacerbates salt accumulation. Therefore, we propose a cascade treatment strategy to eliminate the interference of oil first and subsequently prevent the hindrance from salt accumulation. A combination of delignified wood (DM) and sodium alginate (SA) hydrogel films is initially considered for oil-rejection and maintaining the mechanical integrity. Furthermore, inspired by the unidirectional conductivity of a diode, DM and CuO rods are assembled sequentially, with CuO rods placed at the channel outlet due to a 97.62% higher wetting rate than wood, enhancing the driving force for water supply and promoting salt recirculation. The evaporator achieved an evaporation rate of 2.66 kg·m−2·h−1, a 112.20% improvement over conventional wood-based systems, maintained stable evaporation (2.12 kg·m−2·h−1) in 15 wt% brine for 48 h, and retained 2.50 kg·m−2·h−1 over six cycles for emulsions. The system delivers a daily water yield of 10.62 kg·m−2·day−1 outdoors, while achieving 99.94% TOC removal for drilling wastewater. This work offers an innovative modular design concept for the solar driven cascade treatment of petrochemical wastewater. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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Database: Engineering Source
Description
Abstract:• A wettability-graded evaporator is proposed for petrochemical wastewater treatment. • Place the most hydrophilic CuO at the terminus ensures unidirectional transport. • The estimated daily water production is sufficient to daily water of 2 adults. • Achieve a high evaporation rate of 2.66 kg·m−2·h−1, improving 112.20%. • Successfully apply the system to Bohai seawater and drilling wastewater. Despite solar-driven interfacial evaporation achieving remarkable progress in wastewater treatment, its application in petrochemical wastewater remains constrained, given that the coexistence of oil and salt impedes water transport and exacerbates salt accumulation. Therefore, we propose a cascade treatment strategy to eliminate the interference of oil first and subsequently prevent the hindrance from salt accumulation. A combination of delignified wood (DM) and sodium alginate (SA) hydrogel films is initially considered for oil-rejection and maintaining the mechanical integrity. Furthermore, inspired by the unidirectional conductivity of a diode, DM and CuO rods are assembled sequentially, with CuO rods placed at the channel outlet due to a 97.62% higher wetting rate than wood, enhancing the driving force for water supply and promoting salt recirculation. The evaporator achieved an evaporation rate of 2.66 kg·m−2·h−1, a 112.20% improvement over conventional wood-based systems, maintained stable evaporation (2.12 kg·m−2·h−1) in 15 wt% brine for 48 h, and retained 2.50 kg·m−2·h−1 over six cycles for emulsions. The system delivers a daily water yield of 10.62 kg·m−2·day−1 outdoors, while achieving 99.94% TOC removal for drilling wastewater. This work offers an innovative modular design concept for the solar driven cascade treatment of petrochemical wastewater. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
ISSN:00431354
DOI:10.1016/j.watres.2025.124573