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The Influence of L-PBF Process Parameters with Platform Preheating on the Structure and Properties of Orthorhombic Titanium Aluminide Ti2AlNb Alloy.

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Title: The Influence of L-PBF Process Parameters with Platform Preheating on the Structure and Properties of Orthorhombic Titanium Aluminide Ti2AlNb Alloy.
Authors: Demakov, S. L.1 (AUTHOR), Illarionov, A. G.1 (AUTHOR), Stepanov, S. I.1 (AUTHOR), Grachev, D. V.2 (AUTHOR), Shabanov, M. A.1 (AUTHOR) m.a.shabanov@urfu.ru, Popov, A. A.1 (AUTHOR), Praveenkumar, K.3,4 (AUTHOR), Prasanth, S.3 (AUTHOR), Suwas, Satyam3 (AUTHOR)
Source: JOM: The Journal of The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society (TMS). Dec2025, Vol. 77 Issue 12, p9760-9772. 13p.
Subjects: Titanium aluminides, Microstructure, Mechanical behavior of materials, Selective laser melting, Three-dimensional printing
Abstract: The additive manufacturing of hard-to-process intermetallics, such as the Ti-23Al-25Nb alloy (O-alloy), poses significant challenges but is critical for expanding their industrial applications. This study identifies the optimum laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) parameters, build platform temperature, and aging treatment required to produce high-performance, crack-free O-alloy for demanding applications. The effect of L-PBF process parameters, including platform preheat temperature and subsequent aging treatment on the relative density, defects, microstructure, phase composition, and mechanical properties of orthorhombic titanium aluminide, Ti2AlNb, is investigated. Build platform preheating at 600°C and high volumetric energy density (VED) in the range of 37–139 J/mm3 results in a keyhole porosity and cracking due to excessive energy input. Increasing the substrate temperature to 700°C, under optimized process parameters with VED in the range of 22–37 J/mm3, produces a crack-free build with a relative density of 99.7%. A reduction in laser scanning speed increases the fraction of the O-phase, thereby enhancing the high-temperature strength. In addition, post-aging treatment at 800°C for 30 min improved the strength and ductility of the O-alloy at room and elevated testing temperatures of 600 and 700°C. The effect of microstructure on the mechanical properties of the O-alloy is discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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Database: Engineering Source
Description
Abstract:The additive manufacturing of hard-to-process intermetallics, such as the Ti-23Al-25Nb alloy (O-alloy), poses significant challenges but is critical for expanding their industrial applications. This study identifies the optimum laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) parameters, build platform temperature, and aging treatment required to produce high-performance, crack-free O-alloy for demanding applications. The effect of L-PBF process parameters, including platform preheat temperature and subsequent aging treatment on the relative density, defects, microstructure, phase composition, and mechanical properties of orthorhombic titanium aluminide, Ti2AlNb, is investigated. Build platform preheating at 600°C and high volumetric energy density (VED) in the range of 37–139 J/mm3 results in a keyhole porosity and cracking due to excessive energy input. Increasing the substrate temperature to 700°C, under optimized process parameters with VED in the range of 22–37 J/mm3, produces a crack-free build with a relative density of 99.7%. A reduction in laser scanning speed increases the fraction of the O-phase, thereby enhancing the high-temperature strength. In addition, post-aging treatment at 800°C for 30 min improved the strength and ductility of the O-alloy at room and elevated testing temperatures of 600 and 700°C. The effect of microstructure on the mechanical properties of the O-alloy is discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
ISSN:10474838
DOI:10.1007/s11837-025-07840-y