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Forms of design some considerations for a macro theoretical perspective in design.

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Title: Forms of design some considerations for a macro theoretical perspective in design.
Authors: Groll, Sandra1,2 (AUTHOR) sgroll@sgroll.de
Source: Journal of Engineering Design. Dec2025, Vol. 36 Issue 12, p2115-2132. 18p.
Subjects: Design research, Social systems, Systems theory, Luhmann, Niklas, 1927-1998, Theorists, Design, Cybernetics
Abstract: Macro theoretical approaches in Design Research often face obstacles. They rely on borrowed theories. This paper provides some considerations on how to borrow macro theories. By borrowing some concepts from second-order cybernetics, Niklas Luhmann's Theory of Social Systems and George Spencer Brown's Laws of Form, the paper discusses possible foundations for a macro perspectival approach in design research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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Database: Engineering Source
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Abstract:Macro theoretical approaches in Design Research often face obstacles. They rely on borrowed theories. This paper provides some considerations on how to borrow macro theories. By borrowing some concepts from second-order cybernetics, Niklas Luhmann's Theory of Social Systems and George Spencer Brown's Laws of Form, the paper discusses possible foundations for a macro perspectival approach in design research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
ISSN:09544828
DOI:10.1080/09544828.2025.2475555