Further on Potential Differential Games and Its Applications in Multi-leader Multi-follower Differential Games.

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Title: Further on Potential Differential Games and Its Applications in Multi-leader Multi-follower Differential Games.
Authors: Ayele, Asmamaw Msgan1 (AUTHOR) asmamaw.misgan@aau.edu.et, Zewde, Addis Belete2 (AUTHOR) addis.belete@ddu.edu.et, Kassa, Semu Mitiku3 (AUTHOR) kassas@biust.ac.bw
Source: Journal of Optimization Theory & Applications. Jan2026, Vol. 208 Issue 1, p1-31. 31p.
Abstract: The problem of obtaining Nash equilibria for non-cooperative differential games has been challenging, specially when the problem definition contains general nonseparable terms. In this paper, we present a more general set of sufficient conditions for the existence of potential functions for non-cooperative open-loop differential games. Moreover, potential differential game formulations are used to propose a solution approach for multi-leader multi-follower (MLMF) open-loop differential games. In the procedure, MLMF open-loop differential games are transformed into bi-level open-loop optimal control problems, whose solutions are Stackelberg-Nash equilibria of the original differential game. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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Database: Engineering Source
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Abstract:The problem of obtaining Nash equilibria for non-cooperative differential games has been challenging, specially when the problem definition contains general nonseparable terms. In this paper, we present a more general set of sufficient conditions for the existence of potential functions for non-cooperative open-loop differential games. Moreover, potential differential game formulations are used to propose a solution approach for multi-leader multi-follower (MLMF) open-loop differential games. In the procedure, MLMF open-loop differential games are transformed into bi-level open-loop optimal control problems, whose solutions are Stackelberg-Nash equilibria of the original differential game. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
ISSN:00223239
DOI:10.1007/s10957-025-02902-2