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Inkjet-printed wireless passive humidity sensor with ultrahigh sensitivity using ZnO/Ti₃C₂Tx MXene nanocomposite.

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Title: Inkjet-printed wireless passive humidity sensor with ultrahigh sensitivity using ZnO/Ti₃C₂Tx MXene nanocomposite.
Authors: Li, Sun1 (AUTHOR), Hou, Jiangrong1 (AUTHOR), Xu, Yanpei1 (AUTHOR), Guo, Liang1 (AUTHOR), Zhang, Rui1 (AUTHOR), Pan, Jinghong1 (AUTHOR), Wang, Qi1 (AUTHOR) wangqi@mail.neu.edu.cn
Source: Measurement Science & Technology. Jan2026, Vol. 37 Issue 3, p1-13. 13p.
Subjects: Hygrometers, Nanocomposite materials, Hydrothermal synthesis, Surface analysis, Ink-jet printers, Wireless communications
Abstract: This study presents a highly sensitive, wireless passive humidity sensor that employs a ZnO/Ti₃C₂Tx MXene nanocomposite, synthesized using the hydrothermal method. The sensor circuit was created on pre-cut polyethylene terephthalate substrates via inkjet printing, allowing for scalable production. Material characterization techniques such as x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller verified the intercalation of ZnO nanoparticles within the MXene layers. This resulted in mesoporous structures with a surface area of 21.53 m2 g−1 and a plethora of active sites. Operating on the principles of inductor–capacitor (LC) resonance, changes in humidity-dependent permittivity cause shifts in resonant frequency that can be detected wirelessly. The sensor exhibits an ultra-high sensitivity of 138 kHz/%RH in low humidity ranges (10%–60% RH) and 2734 kHz/%RH in high humidity ranges (60%–95% RH), maintaining stable performance over a 15 d period. This remarkable dual-range sensitivity is attributed to the synergistic proton conduction through the MXene's functional groups and the oxygen vacancy-mediated dissociation of ZnO. Overall, the inkjet-printed LC sensor offers a cost-effective, robust solution for wireless humidity monitoring in sealed environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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Database: Engineering Source
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Abstract:This study presents a highly sensitive, wireless passive humidity sensor that employs a ZnO/Ti₃C₂Tx MXene nanocomposite, synthesized using the hydrothermal method. The sensor circuit was created on pre-cut polyethylene terephthalate substrates via inkjet printing, allowing for scalable production. Material characterization techniques such as x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller verified the intercalation of ZnO nanoparticles within the MXene layers. This resulted in mesoporous structures with a surface area of 21.53 m2 g−1 and a plethora of active sites. Operating on the principles of inductor–capacitor (LC) resonance, changes in humidity-dependent permittivity cause shifts in resonant frequency that can be detected wirelessly. The sensor exhibits an ultra-high sensitivity of 138 kHz/%RH in low humidity ranges (10%–60% RH) and 2734 kHz/%RH in high humidity ranges (60%–95% RH), maintaining stable performance over a 15 d period. This remarkable dual-range sensitivity is attributed to the synergistic proton conduction through the MXene's functional groups and the oxygen vacancy-mediated dissociation of ZnO. Overall, the inkjet-printed LC sensor offers a cost-effective, robust solution for wireless humidity monitoring in sealed environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
ISSN:09570233
DOI:10.1088/1361-6501/ae309d