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Fractal Dimension Analysis of Crystalline Formation Regions in Polyvinyl Alcohol/Zinc Oxide Nanocomposites with High Dielectric Constant.

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Title: Fractal Dimension Analysis of Crystalline Formation Regions in Polyvinyl Alcohol/Zinc Oxide Nanocomposites with High Dielectric Constant.
Authors: Nayana Nirmal, Susi1 (AUTHOR), Sajeev, Damodarakurup2 (AUTHOR) sajeevphy@gmail.com, Abhinav, Mohan3 (AUTHOR), Jijimon Kombukkattu, Thomas1 (AUTHOR), Rajesh, Surendran1 (AUTHOR) rajesh.s@mic.ac.in
Source: Journal of Macromolecular Science: Physics. 2026, Vol. 65 Issue 4, p640-655. 16p.
Subjects: Fractal dimensions, Polyvinyl alcohol, Crystal structure, Nanocomposite materials, Atomic force microscopy, Image analysis, Permittivity
Abstract: Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) images contain information regarding the variations in atomic and molecular forces from a few atomic layers beneath the surface of the materials in the image. Hence, an image analysis of the AFM images will help to unravel the relationship between the spatial distribution of material formations in composites and their anomalous dielectric constant. In our research described here, we examined the observed changes in the dielectric constant of polyvinyl alcohol/zinc oxide (PVA/ZnO) nanocomposites described with respect to their ZnO filler concentration using the fractal and atomic cluster analysis of the AFM images. We report a high dielectric constant of 330 at 9 wt% ZnO (90.8 ± 8 nm) filled PVA nanocomposites in the 1 MHz frequency region. Using image binarization techniques, we extracted the atomic level distribution of the crystalline material formations in the PVA/ZnO nanocomposites at filler concentrations from below to above the optimal weight percentage of 9 wt%. Our statistical distribution and fractal dimension analysis of these crystalline formation regions showed maximum correlations with the observed anomalous dielectric constant of composite material at an optimum (9 wt%) filler content. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Journal of Macromolecular Science: Physics is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Label: Title
  Group: Ti
  Data: Fractal Dimension Analysis of Crystalline Formation Regions in Polyvinyl Alcohol/Zinc Oxide Nanocomposites with High Dielectric Constant.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Nayana+Nirmal%2C+Susi%22">Nayana Nirmal, Susi</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Sajeev%2C+Damodarakurup%22">Sajeev, Damodarakurup</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> sajeevphy@gmail.com</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Abhinav%2C+Mohan%22">Abhinav, Mohan</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Jijimon+Kombukkattu%2C+Thomas%22">Jijimon Kombukkattu, Thomas</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Rajesh%2C+Surendran%22">Rajesh, Surendran</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> rajesh.s@mic.ac.in</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Journal+of+Macromolecular+Science%3A+Physics%22">Journal of Macromolecular Science: Physics</searchLink>. 2026, Vol. 65 Issue 4, p640-655. 16p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Fractal+dimensions%22">Fractal dimensions</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Polyvinyl+alcohol%22">Polyvinyl alcohol</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Crystal+structure%22">Crystal structure</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Nanocomposite+materials%22">Nanocomposite materials</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Atomic+force+microscopy%22">Atomic force microscopy</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Image+analysis%22">Image analysis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Permittivity%22">Permittivity</searchLink>
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  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) images contain information regarding the variations in atomic and molecular forces from a few atomic layers beneath the surface of the materials in the image. Hence, an image analysis of the AFM images will help to unravel the relationship between the spatial distribution of material formations in composites and their anomalous dielectric constant. In our research described here, we examined the observed changes in the dielectric constant of polyvinyl alcohol/zinc oxide (PVA/ZnO) nanocomposites described with respect to their ZnO filler concentration using the fractal and atomic cluster analysis of the AFM images. We report a high dielectric constant of 330 at 9 wt% ZnO (90.8 ± 8 nm) filled PVA nanocomposites in the 1 MHz frequency region. Using image binarization techniques, we extracted the atomic level distribution of the crystalline material formations in the PVA/ZnO nanocomposites at filler concentrations from below to above the optimal weight percentage of 9 wt%. Our statistical distribution and fractal dimension analysis of these crystalline formation regions showed maximum correlations with the observed anomalous dielectric constant of composite material at an optimum (9 wt%) filler content. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Journal of Macromolecular Science: Physics is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1080/00222348.2024.2445433
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 16
        StartPage: 640
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      – SubjectFull: Fractal dimensions
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Polyvinyl alcohol
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Crystal structure
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      – SubjectFull: Nanocomposite materials
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      – SubjectFull: Atomic force microscopy
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      – SubjectFull: Image analysis
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Permittivity
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Fractal Dimension Analysis of Crystalline Formation Regions in Polyvinyl Alcohol/Zinc Oxide Nanocomposites with High Dielectric Constant.
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            NameFull: Nayana Nirmal, Susi
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            NameFull: Abhinav, Mohan
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            NameFull: Jijimon Kombukkattu, Thomas
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              M: 04
              Text: 2026
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