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Fusion Splicing Technique for Minimizing Insertion Loss and Back Reflection Between Single-Mode and Hollow-Core Fibers.

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Title: Fusion Splicing Technique for Minimizing Insertion Loss and Back Reflection Between Single-Mode and Hollow-Core Fibers.
Authors: Burian, Radek1 (AUTHOR) optolab@vut.cz, Dejdar, Petr1 (AUTHOR), Munster, Petr1 (AUTHOR), Horvath, Tomas1 (AUTHOR)
Source: Fiber & Integrated Optics. 2026, Vol. 45 Issue 2, p86-104. 19p.
Subjects: Single-mode optical fibers, Insertion loss (Telecommunication), Optical fibers, Optical feedback, Fusion welding
Abstract: This paper investigates optimized fusion splicing techniques for connecting single-mode fiber (SMF) and hollow-core fiber (HCF) with the aim of minimizing insertion loss and back-reflection. Several approaches were evaluated, including direct fusion splicing, fiber tapering, angled cleaving prior to fusion, and the insertion of a graded-index (GRIN) fiber. It was observed that conventional automatic fusion settings designed for SMF result in significant end-face deformation and high splice loss. By carefully adjusting arc power, discharge position, and fiber overlap, splice performance was substantially improved. Fiber tapering enhanced mode-field alignment but required precise and repeatable control. Angled cleaving effectively reduced back-reflection, albeit at the expense of increased insertion loss. The use of a GRIN fiber provided the most effective mode-field matching, achieving the lowest insertion loss and back-reflection among the tested methods. The results demonstrate that reliable SMF–HCF splicing is feasible, however, further optimization is required to ensure long-term robustness and reproducibility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Fiber & Integrated Optics is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Engineering Source
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DbLabel: Engineering Source
An: 192006464
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PubType: Academic Journal
PubTypeId: academicJournal
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  Data: Fusion Splicing Technique for Minimizing Insertion Loss and Back Reflection Between Single-Mode and Hollow-Core Fibers.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Burian%2C+Radek%22">Burian, Radek</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> optolab@vut.cz</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Dejdar%2C+Petr%22">Dejdar, Petr</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Munster%2C+Petr%22">Munster, Petr</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Horvath%2C+Tomas%22">Horvath, Tomas</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Fiber+%26+Integrated+Optics%22">Fiber & Integrated Optics</searchLink>. 2026, Vol. 45 Issue 2, p86-104. 19p.
– Name: Subject
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Single-mode+optical+fibers%22">Single-mode optical fibers</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Insertion+loss+%28Telecommunication%29%22">Insertion loss (Telecommunication)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Optical+fibers%22">Optical fibers</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Optical+feedback%22">Optical feedback</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Fusion+welding%22">Fusion welding</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: This paper investigates optimized fusion splicing techniques for connecting single-mode fiber (SMF) and hollow-core fiber (HCF) with the aim of minimizing insertion loss and back-reflection. Several approaches were evaluated, including direct fusion splicing, fiber tapering, angled cleaving prior to fusion, and the insertion of a graded-index (GRIN) fiber. It was observed that conventional automatic fusion settings designed for SMF result in significant end-face deformation and high splice loss. By carefully adjusting arc power, discharge position, and fiber overlap, splice performance was substantially improved. Fiber tapering enhanced mode-field alignment but required precise and repeatable control. Angled cleaving effectively reduced back-reflection, albeit at the expense of increased insertion loss. The use of a GRIN fiber provided the most effective mode-field matching, achieving the lowest insertion loss and back-reflection among the tested methods. The results demonstrate that reliable SMF–HCF splicing is feasible, however, further optimization is required to ensure long-term robustness and reproducibility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Fiber & Integrated Optics is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1080/01468030.2026.2629781
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 19
        StartPage: 86
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Single-mode optical fibers
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Insertion loss (Telecommunication)
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Optical fibers
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Optical feedback
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Fusion welding
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Fusion Splicing Technique for Minimizing Insertion Loss and Back Reflection Between Single-Mode and Hollow-Core Fibers.
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            NameFull: Burian, Radek
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            NameFull: Dejdar, Petr
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            NameFull: Munster, Petr
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            NameFull: Horvath, Tomas
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          Dates:
            – D: 01
              M: 03
              Text: 2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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              Value: 45
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          Titles:
            – TitleFull: Fiber & Integrated Optics
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