Development of Two Port Koch Geometry Inspired Pentagonal MIMO Antenna for n79 NR 5G Sub-6 GHz Band.

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Bibliographic Details
Title:	Development of Two Port Koch Geometry Inspired Pentagonal MIMO Antenna for n79 NR 5G Sub-6 GHz Band.
Authors:	Phalswal, Ashish¹ ashishphalswal@yahoo.in, Prakash, Ved¹, Tripathi, Sweta¹, Verma, Manish²
Source:	Progress in Electromagnetics Research C. 2026, Vol. 165, p150-160. 11p.
Subjects:	Fractals, Coplanar waveguides, Bandwidths
Abstract:	A two-port coplanar waveguide (CPW) multiple-input multiple-output antenna (MIMOA) based on Koch geometry (KG) with a wide bandwidth and high isolation is proposed in this work. A high-frequency structure simulator (HFSS) is used for performance analysis and parametric optimization. Initially, a CPW-fed circular patch was designed, which was further modified using KG, and a single antenna element (SAE) was designed. A two-port MIMO layout was further designed using the SAE. The proposed MIMOA is designed with a cross slot on an FR4 substrate, which offers a wide bandwidth of 1110 MHz (3.91-5.02 GHz) and works at 4.16 and 4.69 GHz. It exhibits excellent diversity performance with a Channel Capacity Loss (CCL) < 0.4 bits/s/Hz, Envelope Correlation Coefficient (ECC) < 0.25, Diversity Gain (DG) > 9.7, Mean Effective Gain (MEG) (1, 2) < 1 dB, Total Active Refection Coefficient (TARC) ≈ -20 dB from port 1 to port 2, and isolation of ≈ 20 dB across the band. The proposed MIMOA offers a high radiation efficiency (n) of ≥ 80% across the entire band. The designed MIMOA was fabricated and tested to validate the simulation results. The proposed MIMOA is useful for 5G communication and covers a frequency ranging from 3.91 GHz to 5 GHz. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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Database:	Engineering Source

Description
Abstract:	A two-port coplanar waveguide (CPW) multiple-input multiple-output antenna (MIMOA) based on Koch geometry (KG) with a wide bandwidth and high isolation is proposed in this work. A high-frequency structure simulator (HFSS) is used for performance analysis and parametric optimization. Initially, a CPW-fed circular patch was designed, which was further modified using KG, and a single antenna element (SAE) was designed. A two-port MIMO layout was further designed using the SAE. The proposed MIMOA is designed with a cross slot on an FR4 substrate, which offers a wide bandwidth of 1110 MHz (3.91-5.02 GHz) and works at 4.16 and 4.69 GHz. It exhibits excellent diversity performance with a Channel Capacity Loss (CCL) < 0.4 bits/s/Hz, Envelope Correlation Coefficient (ECC) < 0.25, Diversity Gain (DG) > 9.7, Mean Effective Gain (MEG) (1, 2) < 1 dB, Total Active Refection Coefficient (TARC) ≈ -20 dB from port 1 to port 2, and isolation of ≈ 20 dB across the band. The proposed MIMOA offers a high radiation efficiency (n) of ≥ 80% across the entire band. The designed MIMOA was fabricated and tested to validate the simulation results. The proposed MIMOA is useful for 5G communication and covers a frequency ranging from 3.91 GHz to 5 GHz. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
ISSN:	19378718
DOI:	10.2528/PIERC25110702