Secure hybrid power-frequency multiple access in satellite terrestrial communication systems: a performance study.

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Bibliographic Details
Title:	Secure hybrid power-frequency multiple access in satellite terrestrial communication systems: a performance study.
Authors:	Tran, Huu Q.¹ tranquyhuu@iuh.edu.vn, Pham, Viet-Thanh¹
Source:	Telkomnika. Feb2026, Vol. 24 Issue 1, p14-21. 8p.
Subjects:	Frequency division multiple access, Eavesdropping, Multiple access protocols (Computer network protocols), Telecommunication satellites
Abstract:	This paper investigates a secure hybrid power--frequency multiple access (PFMA) framework for satellite--terrestrial communications. By integrating power- and frequency-domain multiplexing, PFMA achieves approximately 4 dB lower transmit signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) than non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) for the same connection outage probability (COP) at SNR > 0 dB, and it reduces the COP by up to 30% at low-to-medium SNRs. It further decreases the intercept probability (IP) by 20-25% at PS = 10 dBm. Closed-form COP and IP expressions are derived under shadowed-Rician fading with both internal and external eavesdroppers and validated via Monte Carlo simulations. Parameter analysis indicates that PFMA's SNR gain can either extend coverage by 60% or save 37% energy, providing design guidelines for 6G, satellite IoT, and emergency communication systems. The single-cell assumption points to future work on multi-cell and mobility scenarios. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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Database:	Engineering Source

Description
Abstract:	This paper investigates a secure hybrid power--frequency multiple access (PFMA) framework for satellite--terrestrial communications. By integrating power- and frequency-domain multiplexing, PFMA achieves approximately 4 dB lower transmit signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) than non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) for the same connection outage probability (COP) at SNR > 0 dB, and it reduces the COP by up to 30% at low-to-medium SNRs. It further decreases the intercept probability (IP) by 20-25% at PS = 10 dBm. Closed-form COP and IP expressions are derived under shadowed-Rician fading with both internal and external eavesdroppers and validated via Monte Carlo simulations. Parameter analysis indicates that PFMA's SNR gain can either extend coverage by 60% or save 37% energy, providing design guidelines for 6G, satellite IoT, and emergency communication systems. The single-cell assumption points to future work on multi-cell and mobility scenarios. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
ISSN:	16936930
DOI:	10.12928/TELKOMNIKA.v24i1.26892