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Beyond the Highlands: Climate Drives Evolutionary Connections Between Ancient Neotropical Mountains and Lowland Biomes.

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Title: Beyond the Highlands: Climate Drives Evolutionary Connections Between Ancient Neotropical Mountains and Lowland Biomes.
Authors: Barros‐Souza, Yago1,2,3 (AUTHOR) souzayagob@gmail.com, Maianne, Monique1,2 (AUTHOR), Barduzzi, Rafael F.1,2 (AUTHOR), Borges, Leonardo M.2 (AUTHOR)
Source: Global Ecology & Biogeography. Feb2026, Vol. 35 Issue 2, p1-14. 14p.
Subjects: Biomes, Climate change, Mountain forests, Angiosperms, Habitats, Mountain plants, Phylogeny
Geographic Terms: South America
Abstract: Aim: The assembly of montane plant communities through time is underlain by historical and abiotic factors. However, the extent of evolutionary connectivity between ancient highland ecosystems and surrounding lowlands remains unclear. Here, we investigate the evolutionary connections between the campos rupestres, a hyperdiverse and fragmented montane vegetation complex in eastern South America, and lowland biomes surrounding it: savannas, rainforests and seasonally dry tropical forests. Location: Eastern South America. Time Period: Cenozoic. Major Taxa Studied: Flowering plants. Methods: Using phylogenetic beta diversity analyses for 13 angiosperm clades, we assess the degree of lineage dissimilarity between campos rupestres subregions and adjacent biomes. We also apply generalised dissimilarity modelling to determine the role of climate, soil and geographic distance in shaping spatial patterns of phylogenetic composition. Results: Our results reveal high lineage permeability between campos rupestres and surrounding biomes, with lineage sharing largely reflecting biome adjacency. This pattern is mainly driven by shared climatic conditions, which are the strongest predictors of phylogenetic dissimilarity. Main Conclusions: We highlight the importance of lineage exchange between lowland and montane environments for the assembly of highland floras. By showing that lineage movements across biome boundaries have been common over time and across spatial scales, our study challenges the idea that ancient Neotropical mountains are isolated sky‐islands. Instead, we emphasise the dynamic nature of montane plant diversity and the pivotal role of climate in shaping evolutionary connections between highlands and lowlands. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Global Ecology & Biogeography is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Engineering Source
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DbLabel: Engineering Source
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PubTypeId: academicJournal
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  Data: Beyond the Highlands: Climate Drives Evolutionary Connections Between Ancient Neotropical Mountains and Lowland Biomes.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Barros‐Souza%2C+Yago%22">Barros‐Souza, Yago</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2,3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> souzayagob@gmail.com</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Maianne%2C+Monique%22">Maianne, Monique</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Barduzzi%2C+Rafael+F%2E%22">Barduzzi, Rafael F.</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Borges%2C+Leonardo+M%2E%22">Borges, Leonardo M.</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Global+Ecology+%26+Biogeography%22">Global Ecology & Biogeography</searchLink>. Feb2026, Vol. 35 Issue 2, p1-14. 14p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Biomes%22">Biomes</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Climate+change%22">Climate change</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mountain+forests%22">Mountain forests</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Angiosperms%22">Angiosperms</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Habitats%22">Habitats</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mountain+plants%22">Mountain plants</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Phylogeny%22">Phylogeny</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22South+America%22">South America</searchLink>
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  Label: Abstract
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  Data: Aim: The assembly of montane plant communities through time is underlain by historical and abiotic factors. However, the extent of evolutionary connectivity between ancient highland ecosystems and surrounding lowlands remains unclear. Here, we investigate the evolutionary connections between the campos rupestres, a hyperdiverse and fragmented montane vegetation complex in eastern South America, and lowland biomes surrounding it: savannas, rainforests and seasonally dry tropical forests. Location: Eastern South America. Time Period: Cenozoic. Major Taxa Studied: Flowering plants. Methods: Using phylogenetic beta diversity analyses for 13 angiosperm clades, we assess the degree of lineage dissimilarity between campos rupestres subregions and adjacent biomes. We also apply generalised dissimilarity modelling to determine the role of climate, soil and geographic distance in shaping spatial patterns of phylogenetic composition. Results: Our results reveal high lineage permeability between campos rupestres and surrounding biomes, with lineage sharing largely reflecting biome adjacency. This pattern is mainly driven by shared climatic conditions, which are the strongest predictors of phylogenetic dissimilarity. Main Conclusions: We highlight the importance of lineage exchange between lowland and montane environments for the assembly of highland floras. By showing that lineage movements across biome boundaries have been common over time and across spatial scales, our study challenges the idea that ancient Neotropical mountains are isolated sky‐islands. Instead, we emphasise the dynamic nature of montane plant diversity and the pivotal role of climate in shaping evolutionary connections between highlands and lowlands. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Global Ecology & Biogeography is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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        Value: 10.1111/geb.70214
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 14
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      – SubjectFull: Biomes
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Climate change
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Mountain forests
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Angiosperms
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Habitats
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Mountain plants
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Phylogeny
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: South America
        Type: general
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      – TitleFull: Beyond the Highlands: Climate Drives Evolutionary Connections Between Ancient Neotropical Mountains and Lowland Biomes.
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            NameFull: Barros‐Souza, Yago
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            NameFull: Barduzzi, Rafael F.
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              Text: Feb2026
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              Y: 2026
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