Optimization Design of Metakaolin-Based Geopolymer Solidification for Potassium Copper Hexacyanoferrate After Cs + Adsorption Using Response Surface Methodology.
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| Title: | Optimization Design of Metakaolin-Based Geopolymer Solidification for Potassium Copper Hexacyanoferrate After Cs + Adsorption Using Response Surface Methodology. |
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| Authors: | Liao, Yuqing1 (AUTHOR), Yu, Xingyu2 (AUTHOR), Yuan, Xinyi1 (AUTHOR), Wang, Jingsong1,2 (AUTHOR) xhwjs@163.com, Yan, Yao1 (AUTHOR), Ouyang, Gaoshang1 (AUTHOR) |
| Source: | Materials (1996-1944). Apr2026, Vol. 19 Issue 7, p1469. 21p. |
| Subjects: | Process optimization, Radioactive waste management, Response surfaces (Statistics), Cesium ions, Leaching, Compressive strength, Sorbents |
| Abstract: | Highlights: What are the main findings? A quadratic regression model based on RSM optimizes the geopolymer mix for Cs immobilization with a high predictive accuracy (R2 > 0.99). The H2O/Na2O ratio is the most critical factor affecting compressive strength and leaching resistance, followed by Na2O/Al2O3 and SiO2/Al2O3. The optimal mix (Na2O/Al2O3 = 0.84, SiO2/Al2O3 = 2.8, and H2O/Na2O = 10.23) yields MPa a strength of 23.41 MPa and ultra-low 42-day Cs leaching. What are the implications of the main findings? A quantitative mix design methodology for the efficient solidification of Cs-laden adsorbents using metakaolin-based geopolymer is provided. Microstructural analyses (SEM/XRD/FT-IR) confirm effective Cs encapsulation, supporting the geopolymer's stability in nuclear waste treatment. The model offers a scalable strategy for immobilizing other radionuclides (e.g., Sr2+ and Co2+) in multi-nuclide radioactive wastewater. This study employed a metakaolin-based geopolymer (GP) to solidify potassium copper hexacyanoferrate after its saturation with adsorbed Cs+. The experiment was designed using response surface methodology (RSM) in the Design–Expert 13 software, targeting the compressive strength and cumulative leaching fraction of the solidified form. A regression model was developed to achieve the multi-objective optimization of the comprehensive performance of the GP solidified product. Regression analysis identified the optimal mix proportion as Na2O/Al2O3 = 0.84, SiO2/Al2O3 = 2.8, and H2O/Na2O = 10.23. Under these conditions, the experimentally measured compressive strength was 23.41 MPa. The 42-day cumulative leaching fractions at 25 °C and 40 °C were 7.906 × 10−4 cm and 1.5923 × 10−3 cm, respectively, both significantly below the national standard threshold (Standard Code GB7023-2011) of 2.6 × 10−1 cm. The percentage error remained within 10%, indicating strong agreement with predicted values. These results suggest that metakaolin-based GP exhibits promising potential for the immobilization of radionuclides. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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| Database: | Engineering Source |
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| Abstract: | Highlights: What are the main findings? A quadratic regression model based on RSM optimizes the geopolymer mix for Cs immobilization with a high predictive accuracy (R2 > 0.99). The H2O/Na2O ratio is the most critical factor affecting compressive strength and leaching resistance, followed by Na2O/Al2O3 and SiO2/Al2O3. The optimal mix (Na2O/Al2O3 = 0.84, SiO2/Al2O3 = 2.8, and H2O/Na2O = 10.23) yields MPa a strength of 23.41 MPa and ultra-low 42-day Cs leaching. What are the implications of the main findings? A quantitative mix design methodology for the efficient solidification of Cs-laden adsorbents using metakaolin-based geopolymer is provided. Microstructural analyses (SEM/XRD/FT-IR) confirm effective Cs encapsulation, supporting the geopolymer's stability in nuclear waste treatment. The model offers a scalable strategy for immobilizing other radionuclides (e.g., Sr2+ and Co2+) in multi-nuclide radioactive wastewater. This study employed a metakaolin-based geopolymer (GP) to solidify potassium copper hexacyanoferrate after its saturation with adsorbed Cs+. The experiment was designed using response surface methodology (RSM) in the Design–Expert 13 software, targeting the compressive strength and cumulative leaching fraction of the solidified form. A regression model was developed to achieve the multi-objective optimization of the comprehensive performance of the GP solidified product. Regression analysis identified the optimal mix proportion as Na2O/Al2O3 = 0.84, SiO2/Al2O3 = 2.8, and H2O/Na2O = 10.23. Under these conditions, the experimentally measured compressive strength was 23.41 MPa. The 42-day cumulative leaching fractions at 25 °C and 40 °C were 7.906 × 10−4 cm and 1.5923 × 10−3 cm, respectively, both significantly below the national standard threshold (Standard Code GB7023-2011) of 2.6 × 10−1 cm. The percentage error remained within 10%, indicating strong agreement with predicted values. These results suggest that metakaolin-based GP exhibits promising potential for the immobilization of radionuclides. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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| ISSN: | 19961944 |
| DOI: | 10.3390/ma19071469 |
