Density by Design: Evaluating Transit Hubs for Transit-Oriented Development (TOD) in an Emerging Indonesian Metropolis.
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| Title: | Density by Design: Evaluating Transit Hubs for Transit-Oriented Development (TOD) in an Emerging Indonesian Metropolis. |
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| Authors: | Haratama, K. R.1 kusumaharatama@unesa.ac.id, Farizi, A. M. A.1, Saputro, M. C.1, Manggalasari, L. C.2, Thipphaya, P.3 |
| Source: | Civil Engineering Dimension. Mar2026, Vol. 28 Issue 1, p54-68. 15p. |
| Subjects: | Transit-oriented development, Terminals (Transportation), Population density, Cities & towns, Mixed-use developments, Geoinformatics, Urbanization, Urban density |
| Geographic Terms: | Surabaya (Indonesia) |
| Abstract: | Rapid urbanization in Indonesian cities has increased interest in Transit-Oriented Development (TOD) as a strategy to promote compact, mixed-use, and transit-supportive urban forms. This study evaluates the TOD readiness of five major transit hubs in Surabaya--Purabaya Terminal, Joyoboyo Terminal, Gubeng Station, Surabaya Kota Station, and Pasar Turi Station--using a spatially explicit Built Environment Index (BEI). A Geographic Information System (GIS) approach was applied to analyze population density, employment density, land use mix, and accessibility within 400, 800, and 1,200 m service areas. These indicators were normalized and aggregated into the BEI under multiple weighting scenarios to reflect different planning priorities. The results identify Gubeng Station as the most TOD-ready hub, supported by high density, balanced job-to-population ratio, and strong land use integration, while Joyoboyo and Pasar Turi show limited TOD alignment. The proposed framework provides a replicable, data-driven tool to support TOD prioritization in emerging metropolitan contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Copyright of Civil Engineering Dimension is the property of Institute of Research & Community Outreach - Petra Christian University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) | |
| Database: | Engineering Source |
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| Items | – Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: Density by Design: Evaluating Transit Hubs for Transit-Oriented Development (TOD) in an Emerging Indonesian Metropolis. – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Haratama%2C+K%2E+R%2E%22">Haratama, K. R.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> kusumaharatama@unesa.ac.id</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Farizi%2C+A%2E+M%2E+A%2E%22">Farizi, A. M. A.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Saputro%2C+M%2E+C%2E%22">Saputro, M. C.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Manggalasari%2C+L%2E+C%2E%22">Manggalasari, L. C.</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Thipphaya%2C+P%2E%22">Thipphaya, P.</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> – Name: TitleSource Label: Source Group: Src Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Civil+Engineering+Dimension%22">Civil Engineering Dimension</searchLink>. Mar2026, Vol. 28 Issue 1, p54-68. 15p. – Name: Subject Label: Subjects Group: Su Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Transit-oriented+development%22">Transit-oriented development</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Terminals+%28Transportation%29%22">Terminals (Transportation)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Population+density%22">Population density</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cities+%26+towns%22">Cities & towns</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mixed-use+developments%22">Mixed-use developments</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Geoinformatics%22">Geoinformatics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Urbanization%22">Urbanization</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Urban+density%22">Urban density</searchLink> – Name: SubjectGeographic Label: Geographic Terms Group: Su Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Surabaya+%28Indonesia%29%22">Surabaya (Indonesia)</searchLink> – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract Group: Ab Data: Rapid urbanization in Indonesian cities has increased interest in Transit-Oriented Development (TOD) as a strategy to promote compact, mixed-use, and transit-supportive urban forms. This study evaluates the TOD readiness of five major transit hubs in Surabaya--Purabaya Terminal, Joyoboyo Terminal, Gubeng Station, Surabaya Kota Station, and Pasar Turi Station--using a spatially explicit Built Environment Index (BEI). A Geographic Information System (GIS) approach was applied to analyze population density, employment density, land use mix, and accessibility within 400, 800, and 1,200 m service areas. These indicators were normalized and aggregated into the BEI under multiple weighting scenarios to reflect different planning priorities. The results identify Gubeng Station as the most TOD-ready hub, supported by high density, balanced job-to-population ratio, and strong land use integration, while Joyoboyo and Pasar Turi show limited TOD alignment. The proposed framework provides a replicable, data-driven tool to support TOD prioritization in emerging metropolitan contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] – Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright Label: Group: Ab Data: <i>Copyright of Civil Engineering Dimension is the property of Institute of Research & Community Outreach - Petra Christian University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) |
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| RecordInfo | BibRecord: BibEntity: Identifiers: – Type: doi Value: 10.9744/ced.28.1.54-68 Languages: – Code: eng Text: English PhysicalDescription: Pagination: PageCount: 15 StartPage: 54 Subjects: – SubjectFull: Transit-oriented development Type: general – SubjectFull: Terminals (Transportation) Type: general – SubjectFull: Population density Type: general – SubjectFull: Cities & towns Type: general – SubjectFull: Mixed-use developments Type: general – SubjectFull: Geoinformatics Type: general – SubjectFull: Urbanization Type: general – SubjectFull: Urban density Type: general – SubjectFull: Surabaya (Indonesia) Type: general Titles: – TitleFull: Density by Design: Evaluating Transit Hubs for Transit-Oriented Development (TOD) in an Emerging Indonesian Metropolis. Type: main BibRelationships: HasContributorRelationships: – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Haratama, K. R. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Farizi, A. M. A. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Saputro, M. C. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Manggalasari, L. C. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Thipphaya, P. IsPartOfRelationships: – BibEntity: Dates: – D: 01 M: 03 Text: Mar2026 Type: published Y: 2026 Identifiers: – Type: issn-print Value: 14109530 Numbering: – Type: volume Value: 28 – Type: issue Value: 1 Titles: – TitleFull: Civil Engineering Dimension Type: main |
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