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Quantitative analysis of droplet dynamics in ultrasonic atomization.

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Bibliographic Details
Title: Quantitative analysis of droplet dynamics in ultrasonic atomization.
Authors: Gu, Wenting1,2 (AUTHOR), Feng, Shaoke1,2 (AUTHOR), Chen, Xiuhong1,2 (AUTHOR), Yan, Lutao1,2 (AUTHOR) YanltBupt@hotmail.com
Source: Experimental Thermal & Fluid Science. May2026, Vol. 175, pN.PAG-N.PAG. 1p.
Subjects: Atomization, Fluid dynamics
Abstract: • A method is developed to quantify ultrasonic atomization using droplet area. • Effects of input power and initial droplet volume on droplet area evolution are analyzed. • Droplet spreading dynamics under varying input power and initial droplet volume are investigated. • A high droplet removal efficiency of up to 98.40% is achieved via ultrasonic atomization. Ultrasonic atomization is widely used in engineering applications; however, the dynamic evolution of the atomization process still lacks effective quantitative characterization. This study proposes using the droplet area as a quantitative metric for characterizing the evolution of the ultrasonic atomization process. The results indicate that during atomization, the droplet area initially decreases, then rapidly increases, followed by a sharp decrease, and finally stabilizes. Moreover, higher ultrasonic input power and smaller initial droplet volume result in an earlier onset of atomization. Furthermore, the ultrasonic atomization process is identified as comprising two distinct stages: the spreading stage and the fragmentation stage. During the spreading stage, the evolution of key geometric parameters, namely droplet length, height, aspect ratio, and contact angle, is systematically analyzed under different ultrasonic input powers and initial droplet volumes. The results demonstrate that, during the spreading stage, droplet length and aspect ratio increase, whereas droplet height and contact angle decrease. Additionally, higher ultrasonic input power and smaller initial droplet volume increase the variation rates of these geometric parameters. Notably, the study reveals that ultrasonic atomization can achieve a droplet removal efficiency of up to 98.40% for adhered droplets. Therefore, this study provides useful guidance for parameter optimization in ultrasonic atomization applications and enhances the understanding of droplet morphological evolution during atomization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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Database: Engineering Source
Description
Abstract:• A method is developed to quantify ultrasonic atomization using droplet area. • Effects of input power and initial droplet volume on droplet area evolution are analyzed. • Droplet spreading dynamics under varying input power and initial droplet volume are investigated. • A high droplet removal efficiency of up to 98.40% is achieved via ultrasonic atomization. Ultrasonic atomization is widely used in engineering applications; however, the dynamic evolution of the atomization process still lacks effective quantitative characterization. This study proposes using the droplet area as a quantitative metric for characterizing the evolution of the ultrasonic atomization process. The results indicate that during atomization, the droplet area initially decreases, then rapidly increases, followed by a sharp decrease, and finally stabilizes. Moreover, higher ultrasonic input power and smaller initial droplet volume result in an earlier onset of atomization. Furthermore, the ultrasonic atomization process is identified as comprising two distinct stages: the spreading stage and the fragmentation stage. During the spreading stage, the evolution of key geometric parameters, namely droplet length, height, aspect ratio, and contact angle, is systematically analyzed under different ultrasonic input powers and initial droplet volumes. The results demonstrate that, during the spreading stage, droplet length and aspect ratio increase, whereas droplet height and contact angle decrease. Additionally, higher ultrasonic input power and smaller initial droplet volume increase the variation rates of these geometric parameters. Notably, the study reveals that ultrasonic atomization can achieve a droplet removal efficiency of up to 98.40% for adhered droplets. Therefore, this study provides useful guidance for parameter optimization in ultrasonic atomization applications and enhances the understanding of droplet morphological evolution during atomization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
ISSN:08941777
DOI:10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2026.111757