Preparation of a Novel Fe/Ca Modified Chlorella Biochar for Phosphorus Removal from Mariculture Tail Water by Response Surface Methodology.
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| Title: | Preparation of a Novel Fe/Ca Modified Chlorella Biochar for Phosphorus Removal from Mariculture Tail Water by Response Surface Methodology. |
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| Authors: | Yu, Kehan1 (AUTHOR), Jiao, Haifeng1,2 (AUTHOR) hfjiao@sina.com, Liu, Changjun2,3 (AUTHOR), Zheng, Dan3,4 (AUTHOR), Zheng, Xiafei1 (AUTHOR), Zhang, Yurong1,2 (AUTHOR), Shi, Xizhi3,4 (AUTHOR) |
| Source: | Materials (1996-1944). May2026, Vol. 19 Issue 9, p1700. 31p. |
| Subjects: | Biochar, Phosphate removal (Sewage purification), Response surfaces (Statistics), Water purification, Adsorption kinetics, Marine pollution |
| Abstract: | Excessive phosphorus discharge from aquaculture effluent significantly contributes to coastal eutrophication, while conventional adsorbents exhibit limited phosphorus removal efficiency in high-salinity, weakly alkaline seawater effluent. This study developed iron/calcium co-modified chlorella biochar (FCBC) through co-impregnation and high-temperature pyrolysis, optimizing the preparation process via the Box–Behnken response surface method. The optimal conditions were identified as an iron concentration of 2.5 mol/L, a calcium concentration of 2.0 mol/L, a pyrolysis temperature of 717 °C, and a duration of 113 min. Under these conditions, FCBC achieved a phosphorus removal rate of 93.23% within 3 h, which was significantly higher than that of the unmodified Chlorella biochar (BC, <8% within the same reaction time). The Fe/Ca co-modification endowed FCBC with a positively charged surface, an increased average pore size of 22.773 nm, and good magnetic responsiveness (saturation magnetization of 6.68 emu·g−1). FCBC demonstrated remarkable adaptability, achieving over 97% phosphorus removal across a pH range of 3 to 11, salinity levels of 5 to 40‰, and phosphorus concentrations of 1 to 15 mg/L. Its adsorption kinetics conformed to pseudo-second-order kinetics (R2 = 0.987) and the Freundlich model (R2 = 0.971), with efficient phosphorus removal primarily attributed to iron–calcium synergistic effects. FCBC presents significant potential for phosphorus treatment in marine aquaculture effluents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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| Database: | Engineering Source |
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| Abstract: | Excessive phosphorus discharge from aquaculture effluent significantly contributes to coastal eutrophication, while conventional adsorbents exhibit limited phosphorus removal efficiency in high-salinity, weakly alkaline seawater effluent. This study developed iron/calcium co-modified chlorella biochar (FCBC) through co-impregnation and high-temperature pyrolysis, optimizing the preparation process via the Box–Behnken response surface method. The optimal conditions were identified as an iron concentration of 2.5 mol/L, a calcium concentration of 2.0 mol/L, a pyrolysis temperature of 717 °C, and a duration of 113 min. Under these conditions, FCBC achieved a phosphorus removal rate of 93.23% within 3 h, which was significantly higher than that of the unmodified Chlorella biochar (BC, <8% within the same reaction time). The Fe/Ca co-modification endowed FCBC with a positively charged surface, an increased average pore size of 22.773 nm, and good magnetic responsiveness (saturation magnetization of 6.68 emu·g−1). FCBC demonstrated remarkable adaptability, achieving over 97% phosphorus removal across a pH range of 3 to 11, salinity levels of 5 to 40‰, and phosphorus concentrations of 1 to 15 mg/L. Its adsorption kinetics conformed to pseudo-second-order kinetics (R2 = 0.987) and the Freundlich model (R2 = 0.971), with efficient phosphorus removal primarily attributed to iron–calcium synergistic effects. FCBC presents significant potential for phosphorus treatment in marine aquaculture effluents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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| ISSN: | 19961944 |
| DOI: | 10.3390/ma19091700 |
