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Miniaturized broadband circulators in X-Ku band using high-ε, low-loss NiCuZn ferrite and embedded substrates.

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Title: Miniaturized broadband circulators in X-Ku band using high-ε, low-loss NiCuZn ferrite and embedded substrates.
Authors: Cheng, Zelai1 (AUTHOR), Qiao, Feng2 (AUTHOR), Yang, Xiuling2 (AUTHOR), Chen, Ying3 (AUTHOR), Qu, Mingshan2 (AUTHOR), Su, Hua1 (AUTHOR) uestcsh77@163.com
Source: Ceramics International. May2026:Part A, Vol. 52 Issue 12, p19360-19367. 8p.
Subjects: Circulators (Electrical engineering), Ferrites, Ferrimagnetic materials
Abstract: The pressing demand for miniaturized, high-frequency circulators in the X- and Ku-bands drives the development of low-loss, high dielectric constant NiCuZn ferrites. Building on previous work that enhanced dielectric constant of NCZ ferrites via Mn2+–Nb5+ co-doping and Ba 0.6 Sr 0.4 TiO 3 compositing, a new strategy involving the co-substitution of Cu2+ and Ti4+ ions was proposed. This approach aims to reduce magnetocrystalline anisotropy at octahedral sites, thereby lowering the ferromagnetic resonance linewidth. At an optimal substitution level of x = 0.04, a balanced set of properties was achieved: a high dielectric constant (ε r ≈ 22.5), high saturation magnetization (4π M s ≈ 3596 G), and a low linewidth (ΔH ≈ 187 Oe). The material also demonstrated excellent co-firing compatibility with LiNb 0.6 Ti 0.4 O 3 (LNT) dielectric ceramic, enabling the fabrication of an embedded composite substrate. Based on this structure, a wideband microstrip circulator was designed and simulated, exhibiting excellent performance from 8 to 18 GHz—with return loss and isolation below −20 dB, insertion loss under 0.7 dB, and a fractional bandwidth of 77%. These results validate the strong potential of the developed material system for miniaturized, wideband, high-frequency circulators. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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Database: Engineering Source
Description
Abstract:The pressing demand for miniaturized, high-frequency circulators in the X- and Ku-bands drives the development of low-loss, high dielectric constant NiCuZn ferrites. Building on previous work that enhanced dielectric constant of NCZ ferrites via Mn2+–Nb5+ co-doping and Ba 0.6 Sr 0.4 TiO 3 compositing, a new strategy involving the co-substitution of Cu2+ and Ti4+ ions was proposed. This approach aims to reduce magnetocrystalline anisotropy at octahedral sites, thereby lowering the ferromagnetic resonance linewidth. At an optimal substitution level of x = 0.04, a balanced set of properties was achieved: a high dielectric constant (ε r ≈ 22.5), high saturation magnetization (4π M s ≈ 3596 G), and a low linewidth (ΔH ≈ 187 Oe). The material also demonstrated excellent co-firing compatibility with LiNb 0.6 Ti 0.4 O 3 (LNT) dielectric ceramic, enabling the fabrication of an embedded composite substrate. Based on this structure, a wideband microstrip circulator was designed and simulated, exhibiting excellent performance from 8 to 18 GHz—with return loss and isolation below −20 dB, insertion loss under 0.7 dB, and a fractional bandwidth of 77%. These results validate the strong potential of the developed material system for miniaturized, wideband, high-frequency circulators. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
ISSN:02728842
DOI:10.1016/j.ceramint.2026.03.033