Equivalent Circuit Modeling-Based Frequency and Pattern Reconfigurable Low-Cost Multi-band Multi-purpose Miniaturized Antenna for Wireless Applications.
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| Title: | Equivalent Circuit Modeling-Based Frequency and Pattern Reconfigurable Low-Cost Multi-band Multi-purpose Miniaturized Antenna for Wireless Applications. |
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| Authors: | Varshney, Atul1,2 (AUTHOR) atulgkvright@gmail.com |
| Source: | Arabian Journal for Science & Engineering (Springer Science & Business Media B.V. ). Apr2026, Vol. 51 Issue 8, p11345-11362. 18p. |
| Subjects: | PIN diodes, Equivalent electric circuits, Multifrequency antennas, Adaptive antennas, Antennas (Electronics), Wireless communications |
| Abstract: | With technological advancement, the devices are becoming smaller and smaller. Therefore, the proposed antenna design presents a direct-coupled-fed, compact, low-cost, lightweight, simple structure, one-sided (easy to fabricate), multi-band, frequency, and pattern reconfigurable antenna using a single PIN diode (low-connection loss). The low-conductor and dielectric loss antenna features a miniaturized (11.3 × 50 mm2), tri-band operation. The antenna achieves tri-band resonating frequencies at 1.23 GHz, 1.83 GHz, and 2.46 GHz, respectively, without a PIN diode. The antenna reflection coefficient and radiation characteristics are controlled by the switching operation of the PIN diode (BAR64-02 V). In ON-state diode, the reflection coefficient plot nearly follows the reflection coefficient of the antenna without diodes with resonance frequencies at 1.18 GHz (1.19–1.21 GHz), 1.78 GHz (1.76–1.84 GHz), and 2.46 GHz (2.33–2.86 GHz), respectively, and in OFF-state diode, reflection coefficient of antenna becomes dual-band with shifted resonating frequencies to 1.46 GHz (1.46–1.48 GHz) and 2.28 GHz (2.16–2.48 GHz). The antenna measured and simulated results of the designed stripped frequency reconfigurable antenna are found in excellent agreement. The antenna achieves E-plane gain pattern reconfigurability with peak gains of 4.67 dBi (without diodes), 4.70 dBi (OFF-mode), and 4.52 dBi (ON-mode), respectively. The RLC equivalent circuits of the antenna and two switching modes are generated and validated using the Advanced Design Systems (ADS) software. The antenna is suitable for Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), L-band satellite communication, LTE/LTE-A, wireless broadband, Wi-Fi, ISM, Bluetooth, Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN), IoT applications, telemetry, fixed/mobile communications, and S-band satellite communications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Copyright of Arabian Journal for Science & Engineering (Springer Science & Business Media B.V. ) is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) | |
| Database: | Engineering Source |
| FullText | Text: Availability: 0 |
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| Header | DbId: egs DbLabel: Engineering Source An: 193807362 AccessLevel: 6 PubType: Academic Journal PubTypeId: academicJournal PreciseRelevancyScore: 0 |
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| Items | – Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: Equivalent Circuit Modeling-Based Frequency and Pattern Reconfigurable Low-Cost Multi-band Multi-purpose Miniaturized Antenna for Wireless Applications. – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Varshney%2C+Atul%22">Varshney, Atul</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> atulgkvright@gmail.com</i> – Name: TitleSource Label: Source Group: Src Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Arabian+Journal+for+Science+%26+Engineering+%28Springer+Science+%26+Business+Media+B%2EV%2E+%29%22">Arabian Journal for Science & Engineering (Springer Science & Business Media B.V. )</searchLink>. Apr2026, Vol. 51 Issue 8, p11345-11362. 18p. – Name: Subject Label: Subjects Group: Su Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22PIN+diodes%22">PIN diodes</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Equivalent+electric+circuits%22">Equivalent electric circuits</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Multifrequency+antennas%22">Multifrequency antennas</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Adaptive+antennas%22">Adaptive antennas</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Antennas+%28Electronics%29%22">Antennas (Electronics)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Wireless+communications%22">Wireless communications</searchLink> – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract Group: Ab Data: With technological advancement, the devices are becoming smaller and smaller. Therefore, the proposed antenna design presents a direct-coupled-fed, compact, low-cost, lightweight, simple structure, one-sided (easy to fabricate), multi-band, frequency, and pattern reconfigurable antenna using a single PIN diode (low-connection loss). The low-conductor and dielectric loss antenna features a miniaturized (11.3 × 50 mm2), tri-band operation. The antenna achieves tri-band resonating frequencies at 1.23 GHz, 1.83 GHz, and 2.46 GHz, respectively, without a PIN diode. The antenna reflection coefficient and radiation characteristics are controlled by the switching operation of the PIN diode (BAR64-02 V). In ON-state diode, the reflection coefficient plot nearly follows the reflection coefficient of the antenna without diodes with resonance frequencies at 1.18 GHz (1.19–1.21 GHz), 1.78 GHz (1.76–1.84 GHz), and 2.46 GHz (2.33–2.86 GHz), respectively, and in OFF-state diode, reflection coefficient of antenna becomes dual-band with shifted resonating frequencies to 1.46 GHz (1.46–1.48 GHz) and 2.28 GHz (2.16–2.48 GHz). The antenna measured and simulated results of the designed stripped frequency reconfigurable antenna are found in excellent agreement. The antenna achieves E-plane gain pattern reconfigurability with peak gains of 4.67 dBi (without diodes), 4.70 dBi (OFF-mode), and 4.52 dBi (ON-mode), respectively. The RLC equivalent circuits of the antenna and two switching modes are generated and validated using the Advanced Design Systems (ADS) software. The antenna is suitable for Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), L-band satellite communication, LTE/LTE-A, wireless broadband, Wi-Fi, ISM, Bluetooth, Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN), IoT applications, telemetry, fixed/mobile communications, and S-band satellite communications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] – Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright Label: Group: Ab Data: <i>Copyright of Arabian Journal for Science & Engineering (Springer Science & Business Media B.V. ) is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) |
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| RecordInfo | BibRecord: BibEntity: Identifiers: – Type: doi Value: 10.1007/s13369-025-11018-8 Languages: – Code: eng Text: English PhysicalDescription: Pagination: PageCount: 18 StartPage: 11345 Subjects: – SubjectFull: PIN diodes Type: general – SubjectFull: Equivalent electric circuits Type: general – SubjectFull: Multifrequency antennas Type: general – SubjectFull: Adaptive antennas Type: general – SubjectFull: Antennas (Electronics) Type: general – SubjectFull: Wireless communications Type: general Titles: – TitleFull: Equivalent Circuit Modeling-Based Frequency and Pattern Reconfigurable Low-Cost Multi-band Multi-purpose Miniaturized Antenna for Wireless Applications. Type: main BibRelationships: HasContributorRelationships: – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Varshney, Atul IsPartOfRelationships: – BibEntity: Dates: – D: 15 M: 04 Text: Apr2026 Type: published Y: 2026 Identifiers: – Type: issn-print Value: 2193567X Numbering: – Type: volume Value: 51 – Type: issue Value: 8 Titles: – TitleFull: Arabian Journal for Science & Engineering (Springer Science & Business Media B.V. ) Type: main |
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