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Ultrashort pulse all-optical wavelength conversion for WDM-OTDM free-space optical communication.

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Bibliographic Details
Title:	Ultrashort pulse all-optical wavelength conversion for WDM-OTDM free-space optical communication.
Authors:	Hao, Shikun¹ (AUTHOR), Jia, Qingsong² (AUTHOR), Ma, Wanzhuo^1,3 (AUTHOR) mawz@cust.edu.cn, Li, Bing¹ (AUTHOR), Fu, Yanwei¹ (AUTHOR), Zhang, Chenghao¹ (AUTHOR), Liu, Zhi³ (AUTHOR)
Source:	Optics Communications. Oct2026, Vol. 616, pN.PAG-N.PAG. 1p.
Subjects:	Optical wavelength conversion, Wavelength division multiplexing, Mode-locked lasers, Light transmission, Bit rate, Free-space optical technology, Four-wave mixing, Ultrashort laser pulses
Abstract:	We demonstrate an ultrashort-pulse all-optical wavelength conversion source for WDM–OTDM free-space optical communication systems. Ultrashort pulses with a repetition rate of 5.023 GHz are generated using an actively mode-locked fiber laser. Comparative four-wave mixing experiments using continuous-wave and pulsed signals confirm the superior wavelength conversion performance enabled by ultrashort-pulse excitation, and a free-space optical communication system based on this converter is subsequently established. To further extend the application of the wavelength converter, a WDM–OTDM free-space optical communication system is implemented. Under indoor free-space transmission over a distance of 12 m, stable transmission of 5.023 Gbaud RZ signals is successfully achieved. Compared with the single-channel scheme, the hybrid WDM–OTDM architecture increases the overall system transmission rate by a factor of 12; based on the experimentally demonstrated performance of a single OTDM tributary, the aggregate throughput is inferred to exceed 60 Gb/s. In addition, a supplementary theoretical analysis of a representative 200 m outdoor FSO link is provided to evaluate the impacts of beam divergence, atmospheric attenuation, and turbulence-induced scintillation. The proposed WDM–OTDM hybrid multiplexing scheme based on an ultrashort-pulse all-optical wavelength conversion source provides an experimental basis for further exploring joint wavelength- and time-domain extension in high-speed FSO transmission systems. • An ultrashort-pulse all-optical wavelength converter driven by 5.023 GHz mode-locked pulses. • A WDM–OTDM hybrid free-space optical communication system. • Stable 5.023 Gbaud RZ transmission is realized over a 12 m indoor link. • An aggregate data rate exceeding 60 Gb/s. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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Database:	Engineering Source

Description
Abstract:	We demonstrate an ultrashort-pulse all-optical wavelength conversion source for WDM–OTDM free-space optical communication systems. Ultrashort pulses with a repetition rate of 5.023 GHz are generated using an actively mode-locked fiber laser. Comparative four-wave mixing experiments using continuous-wave and pulsed signals confirm the superior wavelength conversion performance enabled by ultrashort-pulse excitation, and a free-space optical communication system based on this converter is subsequently established. To further extend the application of the wavelength converter, a WDM–OTDM free-space optical communication system is implemented. Under indoor free-space transmission over a distance of 12 m, stable transmission of 5.023 Gbaud RZ signals is successfully achieved. Compared with the single-channel scheme, the hybrid WDM–OTDM architecture increases the overall system transmission rate by a factor of 12; based on the experimentally demonstrated performance of a single OTDM tributary, the aggregate throughput is inferred to exceed 60 Gb/s. In addition, a supplementary theoretical analysis of a representative 200 m outdoor FSO link is provided to evaluate the impacts of beam divergence, atmospheric attenuation, and turbulence-induced scintillation. The proposed WDM–OTDM hybrid multiplexing scheme based on an ultrashort-pulse all-optical wavelength conversion source provides an experimental basis for further exploring joint wavelength- and time-domain extension in high-speed FSO transmission systems. • An ultrashort-pulse all-optical wavelength converter driven by 5.023 GHz mode-locked pulses. • A WDM–OTDM hybrid free-space optical communication system. • Stable 5.023 Gbaud RZ transmission is realized over a 12 m indoor link. • An aggregate data rate exceeding 60 Gb/s. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
ISSN:	00304018
DOI:	10.1016/j.optcom.2026.133363