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Ultrashort pulse all-optical wavelength conversion for WDM-OTDM free-space optical communication.

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Title: Ultrashort pulse all-optical wavelength conversion for WDM-OTDM free-space optical communication.
Authors: Hao, Shikun1 (AUTHOR), Jia, Qingsong2 (AUTHOR), Ma, Wanzhuo1,3 (AUTHOR) mawz@cust.edu.cn, Li, Bing1 (AUTHOR), Fu, Yanwei1 (AUTHOR), Zhang, Chenghao1 (AUTHOR), Liu, Zhi3 (AUTHOR)
Source: Optics Communications. Oct2026, Vol. 616, pN.PAG-N.PAG. 1p.
Subjects: Optical wavelength conversion, Wavelength division multiplexing, Mode-locked lasers, Light transmission, Bit rate, Free-space optical technology, Four-wave mixing, Ultrashort laser pulses
Abstract: We demonstrate an ultrashort-pulse all-optical wavelength conversion source for WDM–OTDM free-space optical communication systems. Ultrashort pulses with a repetition rate of 5.023 GHz are generated using an actively mode-locked fiber laser. Comparative four-wave mixing experiments using continuous-wave and pulsed signals confirm the superior wavelength conversion performance enabled by ultrashort-pulse excitation, and a free-space optical communication system based on this converter is subsequently established. To further extend the application of the wavelength converter, a WDM–OTDM free-space optical communication system is implemented. Under indoor free-space transmission over a distance of 12 m, stable transmission of 5.023 Gbaud RZ signals is successfully achieved. Compared with the single-channel scheme, the hybrid WDM–OTDM architecture increases the overall system transmission rate by a factor of 12; based on the experimentally demonstrated performance of a single OTDM tributary, the aggregate throughput is inferred to exceed 60 Gb/s. In addition, a supplementary theoretical analysis of a representative 200 m outdoor FSO link is provided to evaluate the impacts of beam divergence, atmospheric attenuation, and turbulence-induced scintillation. The proposed WDM–OTDM hybrid multiplexing scheme based on an ultrashort-pulse all-optical wavelength conversion source provides an experimental basis for further exploring joint wavelength- and time-domain extension in high-speed FSO transmission systems. • An ultrashort-pulse all-optical wavelength converter driven by 5.023 GHz mode-locked pulses. • A WDM–OTDM hybrid free-space optical communication system. • Stable 5.023 Gbaud RZ transmission is realized over a 12 m indoor link. • An aggregate data rate exceeding 60 Gb/s. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Optics Communications is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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DbLabel: Engineering Source
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  Data: Ultrashort pulse all-optical wavelength conversion for WDM-OTDM free-space optical communication.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hao%2C+Shikun%22">Hao, Shikun</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Jia%2C+Qingsong%22">Jia, Qingsong</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ma%2C+Wanzhuo%22">Ma, Wanzhuo</searchLink><relatesTo>1,3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> mawz@cust.edu.cn</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Li%2C+Bing%22">Li, Bing</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Fu%2C+Yanwei%22">Fu, Yanwei</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Zhang%2C+Chenghao%22">Zhang, Chenghao</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Liu%2C+Zhi%22">Liu, Zhi</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Optics+Communications%22">Optics Communications</searchLink>. Oct2026, Vol. 616, pN.PAG-N.PAG. 1p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Optical+wavelength+conversion%22">Optical wavelength conversion</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Wavelength+division+multiplexing%22">Wavelength division multiplexing</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mode-locked+lasers%22">Mode-locked lasers</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Light+transmission%22">Light transmission</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Bit+rate%22">Bit rate</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Free-space+optical+technology%22">Free-space optical technology</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Four-wave+mixing%22">Four-wave mixing</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Ultrashort+laser+pulses%22">Ultrashort laser pulses</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: We demonstrate an ultrashort-pulse all-optical wavelength conversion source for WDM–OTDM free-space optical communication systems. Ultrashort pulses with a repetition rate of 5.023 GHz are generated using an actively mode-locked fiber laser. Comparative four-wave mixing experiments using continuous-wave and pulsed signals confirm the superior wavelength conversion performance enabled by ultrashort-pulse excitation, and a free-space optical communication system based on this converter is subsequently established. To further extend the application of the wavelength converter, a WDM–OTDM free-space optical communication system is implemented. Under indoor free-space transmission over a distance of 12 m, stable transmission of 5.023 Gbaud RZ signals is successfully achieved. Compared with the single-channel scheme, the hybrid WDM–OTDM architecture increases the overall system transmission rate by a factor of 12; based on the experimentally demonstrated performance of a single OTDM tributary, the aggregate throughput is inferred to exceed 60 Gb/s. In addition, a supplementary theoretical analysis of a representative 200 m outdoor FSO link is provided to evaluate the impacts of beam divergence, atmospheric attenuation, and turbulence-induced scintillation. The proposed WDM–OTDM hybrid multiplexing scheme based on an ultrashort-pulse all-optical wavelength conversion source provides an experimental basis for further exploring joint wavelength- and time-domain extension in high-speed FSO transmission systems. • An ultrashort-pulse all-optical wavelength converter driven by 5.023 GHz mode-locked pulses. • A WDM–OTDM hybrid free-space optical communication system. • Stable 5.023 Gbaud RZ transmission is realized over a 12 m indoor link. • An aggregate data rate exceeding 60 Gb/s. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Optics Communications is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1016/j.optcom.2026.133363
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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      Pagination:
        PageCount: 1
        StartPage: N.PAG
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Optical wavelength conversion
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Wavelength division multiplexing
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Mode-locked lasers
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Light transmission
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Bit rate
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Free-space optical technology
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Four-wave mixing
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Ultrashort laser pulses
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Ultrashort pulse all-optical wavelength conversion for WDM-OTDM free-space optical communication.
        Type: main
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            NameFull: Hao, Shikun
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            NameFull: Jia, Qingsong
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            NameFull: Ma, Wanzhuo
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            NameFull: Li, Bing
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            NameFull: Fu, Yanwei
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            NameFull: Zhang, Chenghao
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            – D: 20
              M: 10
              Text: Oct2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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              Value: 616
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