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A non-destructive protocol for the industrial proof-loading of tree trunks used for beams and floors.

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Title: A non-destructive protocol for the industrial proof-loading of tree trunks used for beams and floors.
Authors: Goosse, Justin1 (AUTHOR) justin.goosse@uclouvain.be, Steinmetz, Martin1 (AUTHOR), Latteur, Pierre1 (AUTHOR)
Source: Wood Material Science & Engineering. Jun2026, Vol. 21 Issue 3, p1764-1786. 23p.
Subjects: Tree trunks, Bend testing, Structural analysis (Engineering), Nondestructive testing, Wooden building, Structural components, Engineering inspection
Abstract: This article focuses on developing a reliable non-destructive proof-loading protocol for the mechanical characterization of logs used as load-bearing elements in construction. Based on experimental bending tests on 30 large-diameter logs from three species (European aspen, western hemlock, and Norway spruce) in both green and kiln-dried states, the protocol verifies compliance with ultimate limit state (ULS), serviceability limit state (SLS), and fire resistance criteria without damaging the logs. It integrates visual grading, non-destructive testing (NDT) methods, and a multi-step bending test procedure to detect damage and ensure structural safety, while proposing industrial adaptations to reduce testing time to about 15 minutes per log. The study highlights the importance of testing logs in their final machined and dried configuration and suggests preliminary NDT screening to optimize the process, noting that current standards are insufficient for roundwood used in modern multi-storey timber construction. [Extracted from the article]
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Database: Engineering Source
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Abstract:This article focuses on developing a reliable non-destructive proof-loading protocol for the mechanical characterization of logs used as load-bearing elements in construction. Based on experimental bending tests on 30 large-diameter logs from three species (European aspen, western hemlock, and Norway spruce) in both green and kiln-dried states, the protocol verifies compliance with ultimate limit state (ULS), serviceability limit state (SLS), and fire resistance criteria without damaging the logs. It integrates visual grading, non-destructive testing (NDT) methods, and a multi-step bending test procedure to detect damage and ensure structural safety, while proposing industrial adaptations to reduce testing time to about 15 minutes per log. The study highlights the importance of testing logs in their final machined and dried configuration and suggests preliminary NDT screening to optimize the process, noting that current standards are insufficient for roundwood used in modern multi-storey timber construction. [Extracted from the article]
ISSN:17480272
DOI:10.1080/17480272.2025.2517187