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Study on Auroral electrojet index and Joule heating during solar cycle 23.

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Title: Study on Auroral electrojet index and Joule heating during solar cycle 23.
Authors: Abraham, Sherin Ann1 (AUTHOR) sherin@mgu.ac.in, Antony, S.1 (AUTHOR) antonysoosaleon@yahoo.com, Anil Kumar, C.P.2 (AUTHOR) cpanilegrl@gmail.com
Source: Advances in Space Research. Jul2026, Vol. 78 Issue 1, p41-56. 16p.
Subjects: Solar cycle, Magnetic storms, Space environment, Heat engineering, Seasonal physiological variations
Abstract: A solid understanding of the spatiotemporal dynamics of Joule heating (JH) is essential for enhancing space weather models and forecasting satellite orbital drag. This study focuses on the enhancement of local JH in south auroral regions during Solar Cycle 23, with particular emphasis on its extreme quiet period (EQP). The linear regression analysis reveals a moderate correlation between hourly JH and the Auroral Electrojet (AE) index during periods of solar maximum. Cross wavelet analysis is employed to examine the phase correlation between these signals, indicating that seasonal variations in JH are spectrally linked to fluctuations in the AE index, suggesting a potential cause effect relationship. The summer months and the equinoxes show a higher rate of JH and dependence on AE. This study further highlights that local JH dissipation in south auroral regions during significant geomagnetic storms identifies the periods when auroral current intensity, leading to localised heating in the ionosphere, occurs during the main phase. But in solar minimum years, rather than AE, the Pedersen conductivity influences local JH. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Advances in Space Research is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Engineering Source
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DbLabel: Engineering Source
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  Data: Study on Auroral electrojet index and Joule heating during solar cycle 23.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Abraham%2C+Sherin+Ann%22">Abraham, Sherin Ann</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> sherin@mgu.ac.in</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Antony%2C+S%2E%22">Antony, S.</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> antonysoosaleon@yahoo.com</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Anil+Kumar%2C+C%2EP%2E%22">Anil Kumar, C.P.</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> cpanilegrl@gmail.com</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Advances+in+Space+Research%22">Advances in Space Research</searchLink>. Jul2026, Vol. 78 Issue 1, p41-56. 16p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Solar+cycle%22">Solar cycle</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Magnetic+storms%22">Magnetic storms</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Space+environment%22">Space environment</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Heat+engineering%22">Heat engineering</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Seasonal+physiological+variations%22">Seasonal physiological variations</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: A solid understanding of the spatiotemporal dynamics of Joule heating (JH) is essential for enhancing space weather models and forecasting satellite orbital drag. This study focuses on the enhancement of local JH in south auroral regions during Solar Cycle 23, with particular emphasis on its extreme quiet period (EQP). The linear regression analysis reveals a moderate correlation between hourly JH and the Auroral Electrojet (AE) index during periods of solar maximum. Cross wavelet analysis is employed to examine the phase correlation between these signals, indicating that seasonal variations in JH are spectrally linked to fluctuations in the AE index, suggesting a potential cause effect relationship. The summer months and the equinoxes show a higher rate of JH and dependence on AE. This study further highlights that local JH dissipation in south auroral regions during significant geomagnetic storms identifies the periods when auroral current intensity, leading to localised heating in the ionosphere, occurs during the main phase. But in solar minimum years, rather than AE, the Pedersen conductivity influences local JH. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Advances in Space Research is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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    Identifiers:
      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1016/j.asr.2025.09.087
    Languages:
      – Code: eng
        Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 16
        StartPage: 41
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Solar cycle
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Magnetic storms
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Space environment
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Heat engineering
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Seasonal physiological variations
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Study on Auroral electrojet index and Joule heating during solar cycle 23.
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            NameFull: Abraham, Sherin Ann
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            NameFull: Antony, S.
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            NameFull: Anil Kumar, C.P.
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            – D: 01
              M: 07
              Text: Jul2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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