Bifunctionalized core–shell magnetic nanoparticles enabling catalytically amplified chemiluminescence for ultrasensitive detection of pyrophosphate ions.

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Title: Bifunctionalized core–shell magnetic nanoparticles enabling catalytically amplified chemiluminescence for ultrasensitive detection of pyrophosphate ions.
Authors: Ruan, Congwen1,2 (AUTHOR), Tian, Mengchun1,2 (AUTHOR), Gao, Lingfeng1,2 (AUTHOR) lfgao@wtu.edu.cn, Li, Zehao1,2 (AUTHOR) lizehao09@163.com
Source: Microchimica Acta. Jun2026, Vol. 193 Issue 6, p1-11. 11p.
Subjects: Chemiluminescence, Pyrophosphates, Iron oxide nanoparticles, Chemical detectors, Catalysis, Luminol, Biosensors, Magnetic nanoparticles
Abstract: Luminol and Cu2+ bifunctionalized magnetic core-shell Fe3O4@Au nanoparticles (BFCS-Fe3O4@Au NPs) with high chemiluminescence (CL) efficiency were synthesized via an improved approach for pyrophosphate ions (PPi) sensing in complicated samples. First, a uniform Au shell was formed in situ on the Fe3O4 core through the controlled deposition enabled by luminol's reducing property. This process also resulted in the immobilization of luminol molecules on the Au shell via Au-N coordination, where they functioned as the CL signal units. Subsequently, Cysteine (Cys) was modified onto the Fe3O4@Au surface via Au-S bonds, which introduced specific coordination sites for metal ions. Then, Cu2+ were captured by these sites and fixed onto the Fe3O4@Au surface, which efficiently catalyze the luminol-H2O2 reaction, resulting in a strong "signal-on" state. Finally, the presence of PPi could quantitatively quench this signal by competing with Cys for Cu2+ binding, thereby switching the system "off". Due to this "signal-on-off" mechanism, an ultrasensitive sensor for PPi was developed, exhibiting a broad linear detection range from 0.1 nM to 10 µM and a low detection limit of 8.37 pM. This sensing strategy provides a reliable and promising pathway for PPi monitoring in biological analysis and environmental water analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Microchimica Acta is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Bifunctionalized core–shell magnetic nanoparticles enabling catalytically amplified chemiluminescence for ultrasensitive detection of pyrophosphate ions.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ruan%2C+Congwen%22">Ruan, Congwen</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Tian%2C+Mengchun%22">Tian, Mengchun</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Gao%2C+Lingfeng%22">Gao, Lingfeng</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> lfgao@wtu.edu.cn</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Li%2C+Zehao%22">Li, Zehao</searchLink><relatesTo>1,2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> lizehao09@163.com</i>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Microchimica+Acta%22">Microchimica Acta</searchLink>. Jun2026, Vol. 193 Issue 6, p1-11. 11p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Chemiluminescence%22">Chemiluminescence</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Pyrophosphates%22">Pyrophosphates</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Iron+oxide+nanoparticles%22">Iron oxide nanoparticles</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Chemical+detectors%22">Chemical detectors</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Catalysis%22">Catalysis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Luminol%22">Luminol</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Biosensors%22">Biosensors</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Magnetic+nanoparticles%22">Magnetic nanoparticles</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
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  Data: Luminol and Cu2+ bifunctionalized magnetic core-shell Fe3O4@Au nanoparticles (BFCS-Fe3O4@Au NPs) with high chemiluminescence (CL) efficiency were synthesized via an improved approach for pyrophosphate ions (PPi) sensing in complicated samples. First, a uniform Au shell was formed in situ on the Fe3O4 core through the controlled deposition enabled by luminol's reducing property. This process also resulted in the immobilization of luminol molecules on the Au shell via Au-N coordination, where they functioned as the CL signal units. Subsequently, Cysteine (Cys) was modified onto the Fe3O4@Au surface via Au-S bonds, which introduced specific coordination sites for metal ions. Then, Cu2+ were captured by these sites and fixed onto the Fe3O4@Au surface, which efficiently catalyze the luminol-H2O2 reaction, resulting in a strong "signal-on" state. Finally, the presence of PPi could quantitatively quench this signal by competing with Cys for Cu2+ binding, thereby switching the system "off". Due to this "signal-on-off" mechanism, an ultrasensitive sensor for PPi was developed, exhibiting a broad linear detection range from 0.1 nM to 10 µM and a low detection limit of 8.37 pM. This sensing strategy provides a reliable and promising pathway for PPi monitoring in biological analysis and environmental water analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of Microchimica Acta is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1007/s00604-026-08096-2
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      – Code: eng
        Text: English
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        PageCount: 11
        StartPage: 1
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Chemiluminescence
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Pyrophosphates
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Iron oxide nanoparticles
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Chemical detectors
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Catalysis
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Luminol
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Biosensors
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Magnetic nanoparticles
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Bifunctionalized core–shell magnetic nanoparticles enabling catalytically amplified chemiluminescence for ultrasensitive detection of pyrophosphate ions.
        Type: main
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      – PersonEntity:
          Name:
            NameFull: Ruan, Congwen
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            NameFull: Tian, Mengchun
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            NameFull: Gao, Lingfeng
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            NameFull: Li, Zehao
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            – D: 01
              M: 06
              Text: Jun2026
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
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              Value: 193
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            – TitleFull: Microchimica Acta
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