Microwave Scattering from a Ship on a Sea Surface: Incoherent Matrix and Coherent Intensity Computed from Single and Double Bouncing PO and MoM-EPILE.

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Bibliographic Details
Title:	Microwave Scattering from a Ship on a Sea Surface: Incoherent Matrix and Coherent Intensity Computed from Single and Double Bouncing PO and MoM-EPILE.
Authors:	Bourlier, Christophe¹ christophe.bourlier@univnantes.fr, Dily, Prisca Le², Pinel, Nicolas^1,3, Bocheux, Romain⁴
Source:	Progress in Electromagnetics Research C. 2026, Vol. 171, p144-155. 12p.
Subjects:	Microwave scattering, Backscattering, Physical optics, Radar cross sections, Surface roughness, Monte Carlo method, Elastic scattering, Galerkin methods
Abstract:	Scattering from a deterministic object in the presence of a randomly rough surface, such as a ship on a sea surface, can be characterized by statistical moments. Full-wave methods, such as the method of moments (MoM), provide accurate results but can be time-consuming. To account for both the gravity and capillary waves, a full sea spectrum is used, which constrains the consideration of a one-dimensional sea surface to include all roughness scales. Asymptotic methods are a good compromise between the computation time and accuracy of the results. In this study, the field scattered by a trapezoidal ship on a 1D sea surface is calculated by iterating the physical optics approximation and incorporating evanescent waves. In addition, the resulting closed-form expressions allow us to derive the associated coherent components analytically by considering a finite and infinite sea surface length. They are validated by comparison to the MoM combined with the extended propagation-inside-layer-expansion (EPILE) method, which can separate bounce orders. The results of the incoherent components, evaluated using a Monte Carlo process, are also shown by introducing a novel concept, based on the centered inter-correlation matrix between the single and double bounces, to quantify the different incoherent contributions. This concept highlights the "backscattering enhancement" phenomenon, only observed for a single rough surface with high slopes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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Database:	Engineering Source

Description
Abstract:	Scattering from a deterministic object in the presence of a randomly rough surface, such as a ship on a sea surface, can be characterized by statistical moments. Full-wave methods, such as the method of moments (MoM), provide accurate results but can be time-consuming. To account for both the gravity and capillary waves, a full sea spectrum is used, which constrains the consideration of a one-dimensional sea surface to include all roughness scales. Asymptotic methods are a good compromise between the computation time and accuracy of the results. In this study, the field scattered by a trapezoidal ship on a 1D sea surface is calculated by iterating the physical optics approximation and incorporating evanescent waves. In addition, the resulting closed-form expressions allow us to derive the associated coherent components analytically by considering a finite and infinite sea surface length. They are validated by comparison to the MoM combined with the extended propagation-inside-layer-expansion (EPILE) method, which can separate bounce orders. The results of the incoherent components, evaluated using a Monte Carlo process, are also shown by introducing a novel concept, based on the centered inter-correlation matrix between the single and double bounces, to quantify the different incoherent contributions. This concept highlights the "backscattering enhancement" phenomenon, only observed for a single rough surface with high slopes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
ISSN:	19378718
DOI:	10.2528/PIERC26032308