Microwave Scattering from a Ship on a Sea Surface: Incoherent Matrix and Coherent Intensity Computed from Single and Double Bouncing PO and MoM-EPILE.
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| Title: | Microwave Scattering from a Ship on a Sea Surface: Incoherent Matrix and Coherent Intensity Computed from Single and Double Bouncing PO and MoM-EPILE. |
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| Authors: | Bourlier, Christophe1 christophe.bourlier@univnantes.fr, Dily, Prisca Le2, Pinel, Nicolas1,3, Bocheux, Romain4 |
| Source: | Progress in Electromagnetics Research C. 2026, Vol. 171, p144-155. 12p. |
| Subjects: | Microwave scattering, Backscattering, Physical optics, Radar cross sections, Surface roughness, Monte Carlo method, Elastic scattering, Galerkin methods |
| Abstract: | Scattering from a deterministic object in the presence of a randomly rough surface, such as a ship on a sea surface, can be characterized by statistical moments. Full-wave methods, such as the method of moments (MoM), provide accurate results but can be time-consuming. To account for both the gravity and capillary waves, a full sea spectrum is used, which constrains the consideration of a one-dimensional sea surface to include all roughness scales. Asymptotic methods are a good compromise between the computation time and accuracy of the results. In this study, the field scattered by a trapezoidal ship on a 1D sea surface is calculated by iterating the physical optics approximation and incorporating evanescent waves. In addition, the resulting closed-form expressions allow us to derive the associated coherent components analytically by considering a finite and infinite sea surface length. They are validated by comparison to the MoM combined with the extended propagation-inside-layer-expansion (EPILE) method, which can separate bounce orders. The results of the incoherent components, evaluated using a Monte Carlo process, are also shown by introducing a novel concept, based on the centered inter-correlation matrix between the single and double bounces, to quantify the different incoherent contributions. This concept highlights the "backscattering enhancement" phenomenon, only observed for a single rough surface with high slopes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Copyright of Progress in Electromagnetics Research C is the property of Electromagnetics Academy and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) | |
| Database: | Engineering Source |
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| Header | DbId: egs DbLabel: Engineering Source An: 194788518 AccessLevel: 6 PubType: Academic Journal PubTypeId: academicJournal PreciseRelevancyScore: 0 |
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| Items | – Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: Microwave Scattering from a Ship on a Sea Surface: Incoherent Matrix and Coherent Intensity Computed from Single and Double Bouncing PO and MoM-EPILE. – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Bourlier%2C+Christophe%22">Bourlier, Christophe</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo><i> christophe.bourlier@univnantes.fr</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Dily%2C+Prisca+Le%22">Dily, Prisca Le</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Pinel%2C+Nicolas%22">Pinel, Nicolas</searchLink><relatesTo>1,3</relatesTo><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Bocheux%2C+Romain%22">Bocheux, Romain</searchLink><relatesTo>4</relatesTo> – Name: TitleSource Label: Source Group: Src Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Progress+in+Electromagnetics+Research+C%22">Progress in Electromagnetics Research C</searchLink>. 2026, Vol. 171, p144-155. 12p. – Name: Subject Label: Subjects Group: Su Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Microwave+scattering%22">Microwave scattering</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Backscattering%22">Backscattering</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Physical+optics%22">Physical optics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Radar+cross+sections%22">Radar cross sections</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Surface+roughness%22">Surface roughness</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Monte+Carlo+method%22">Monte Carlo method</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Elastic+scattering%22">Elastic scattering</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Galerkin+methods%22">Galerkin methods</searchLink> – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract Group: Ab Data: Scattering from a deterministic object in the presence of a randomly rough surface, such as a ship on a sea surface, can be characterized by statistical moments. Full-wave methods, such as the method of moments (MoM), provide accurate results but can be time-consuming. To account for both the gravity and capillary waves, a full sea spectrum is used, which constrains the consideration of a one-dimensional sea surface to include all roughness scales. Asymptotic methods are a good compromise between the computation time and accuracy of the results. In this study, the field scattered by a trapezoidal ship on a 1D sea surface is calculated by iterating the physical optics approximation and incorporating evanescent waves. In addition, the resulting closed-form expressions allow us to derive the associated coherent components analytically by considering a finite and infinite sea surface length. They are validated by comparison to the MoM combined with the extended propagation-inside-layer-expansion (EPILE) method, which can separate bounce orders. The results of the incoherent components, evaluated using a Monte Carlo process, are also shown by introducing a novel concept, based on the centered inter-correlation matrix between the single and double bounces, to quantify the different incoherent contributions. This concept highlights the "backscattering enhancement" phenomenon, only observed for a single rough surface with high slopes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] – Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright Label: Group: Ab Data: <i>Copyright of Progress in Electromagnetics Research C is the property of Electromagnetics Academy and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) |
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| RecordInfo | BibRecord: BibEntity: Identifiers: – Type: doi Value: 10.2528/PIERC26032308 Languages: – Code: eng Text: English PhysicalDescription: Pagination: PageCount: 12 StartPage: 144 Subjects: – SubjectFull: Microwave scattering Type: general – SubjectFull: Backscattering Type: general – SubjectFull: Physical optics Type: general – SubjectFull: Radar cross sections Type: general – SubjectFull: Surface roughness Type: general – SubjectFull: Monte Carlo method Type: general – SubjectFull: Elastic scattering Type: general – SubjectFull: Galerkin methods Type: general Titles: – TitleFull: Microwave Scattering from a Ship on a Sea Surface: Incoherent Matrix and Coherent Intensity Computed from Single and Double Bouncing PO and MoM-EPILE. Type: main BibRelationships: HasContributorRelationships: – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Bourlier, Christophe – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Dily, Prisca Le – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Pinel, Nicolas – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Bocheux, Romain IsPartOfRelationships: – BibEntity: Dates: – D: 01 M: 09 Text: 2026 Type: published Y: 2026 Identifiers: – Type: issn-print Value: 19378718 Numbering: – Type: volume Value: 171 Titles: – TitleFull: Progress in Electromagnetics Research C Type: main |
| ResultId | 1 |
