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Crystallization behavior of polymer/montmorillonite nanocomposites. Part III. Polyamide-6/montmorillonite nanocomposites, influence of matrix molecular weight, and of montmorillonite type and concentration

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Title: Crystallization behavior of polymer/montmorillonite nanocomposites. Part III. Polyamide-6/montmorillonite nanocomposites, influence of matrix molecular weight, and of montmorillonite type and concentration
Authors: Homminga, Douwe S.1, Goderis, Bart1, Mathot, Vincent B.F.1, Groeninckx, Gabriel gabriel.groeninckx@chem.kuleuven.ac.be
Source: Polymer. Feb2006, Vol. 47 Issue 5, p1630-1639. 10p.
Subjects: Polyamides, Montmorillonite, Molecular weights, X-ray diffraction, Crystallization
Abstract: Abstract: Several series of polyamide-6 (PA-6) nanocomposites, differing in montmorillonite (MMT) type and content and PA-6 matrix molecular weight, were prepared by melt-extrusion and the associated PA-6 crystallization behavior and morphology was evaluated using (synchrotron) X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy and differential scanning calorimetry. The nucleating ability of silicate layers is poor in PA-6 nanocomposites made by melt-extrusion because highly active, stable PA-6 crystallization precursors are generated during melt-extrusion. In most of the studied PA-6/MMT nanocomposites the dispersed silicate layers act as impurities and decrease rather than increase the overall crystallization kinetics of PA-6, especially at high MMT contents. Furthermore, at a given MMT concentration, the crystal growth retardation inflates with increasing degree of exfoliation, which dependents on the MMT type and which increases with increasing PA-6 molecular weight. One of the considered MMT types leads to a poorly exfoliated nanomorphology and as a result no retardation of crystal growth is observed. Furthermore, the disturbed crystal growth does not alter the PA-6 semicrystalline stack morphology. Moderate nucleation effects due to the presence of MMT can be observed when the particle load is low (low amount of MMT and/or poor degree of exfoliation) and provided the supercooling is sufficiently large. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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Database: Engineering Source
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Abstract:Abstract: Several series of polyamide-6 (PA-6) nanocomposites, differing in montmorillonite (MMT) type and content and PA-6 matrix molecular weight, were prepared by melt-extrusion and the associated PA-6 crystallization behavior and morphology was evaluated using (synchrotron) X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy and differential scanning calorimetry. The nucleating ability of silicate layers is poor in PA-6 nanocomposites made by melt-extrusion because highly active, stable PA-6 crystallization precursors are generated during melt-extrusion. In most of the studied PA-6/MMT nanocomposites the dispersed silicate layers act as impurities and decrease rather than increase the overall crystallization kinetics of PA-6, especially at high MMT contents. Furthermore, at a given MMT concentration, the crystal growth retardation inflates with increasing degree of exfoliation, which dependents on the MMT type and which increases with increasing PA-6 molecular weight. One of the considered MMT types leads to a poorly exfoliated nanomorphology and as a result no retardation of crystal growth is observed. Furthermore, the disturbed crystal growth does not alter the PA-6 semicrystalline stack morphology. Moderate nucleation effects due to the presence of MMT can be observed when the particle load is low (low amount of MMT and/or poor degree of exfoliation) and provided the supercooling is sufficiently large. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
ISSN:00323861
DOI:10.1016/j.polymer.2005.10.141