Early Expressive Language Skills Predict Long-Term Neurocognitive Outcomes in Cochlear Implant Users: Evidence from the MacArthur-Bates Communicative Development Inventories.

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Title:	Early Expressive Language Skills Predict Long-Term Neurocognitive Outcomes in Cochlear Implant Users: Evidence from the MacArthur-Bates Communicative Development Inventories.
Authors:	Castellanos, Irina¹ .Castellanos@osumc.edu, Pisoni, David B.^2,3, Kronenberger, William G.^2,3, Beer, Jessica³
Source:	American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology. Aug2016, Vol. 25 Issue 3, p381-392. 11p. 8 Charts.
Subject Terms:	Expressive language, MacArthur Communicative Development Inventories, Language research, Testing, Attention, Communicative competence, Statistical correlation, Hearing disorders, Problem solving, Short-term memory, *Phonological awareness, Cognition research, Cochlear implants, Deaf people, Neurological research, Executive function, Psychology, Age distribution, Probability theory, Regression analysis, Research funding, Sex distribution, Descriptive statistics
Abstract:	Purpose: The objective of the present article was to document the extent to which early expressive language skills (measured using the MacArthur–Bates Communicative Development Inventories [CDI; Fenson et al., 2006]) predict long-term neurocognitive outcomes in a sample of early-implanted prelingually deaf cochlear implant (CI) users. Method: The CDI was used to index the early expressive language skills of 32 pediatric CI users after an average of 1.03 years (SD = 0.56, range = 0.39–2.17) of CI experience. Long-term neurocognitive outcomes were assessed after an average of 11.32 (SD = 2.54, range = 7.08–16.52) years of CI experience. Measures of long-term neurocognitive outcomes were derived from gold-standard performancebased and questionnaire-based assessments of language, executive functioning, and academic skills. Result: Analyses revealed that early expressive language skills, collected on average 1.03 years post cochlear implantation, predicted long-term language, executive functioning, and academic skills up to 16 years later. Conclusion: These findings suggest that early expressive language skills, as indexed by the CDI, are clinically relevant for identifying CI users who may be at high risk for long-term neurocognitive delays and disturbances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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Database:	Education Research Complete

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Abstract:	Purpose: The objective of the present article was to document the extent to which early expressive language skills (measured using the MacArthur–Bates Communicative Development Inventories [CDI; Fenson et al., 2006]) predict long-term neurocognitive outcomes in a sample of early-implanted prelingually deaf cochlear implant (CI) users. Method: The CDI was used to index the early expressive language skills of 32 pediatric CI users after an average of 1.03 years (SD = 0.56, range = 0.39–2.17) of CI experience. Long-term neurocognitive outcomes were assessed after an average of 11.32 (SD = 2.54, range = 7.08–16.52) years of CI experience. Measures of long-term neurocognitive outcomes were derived from gold-standard performancebased and questionnaire-based assessments of language, executive functioning, and academic skills. Result: Analyses revealed that early expressive language skills, collected on average 1.03 years post cochlear implantation, predicted long-term language, executive functioning, and academic skills up to 16 years later. Conclusion: These findings suggest that early expressive language skills, as indexed by the CDI, are clinically relevant for identifying CI users who may be at high risk for long-term neurocognitive delays and disturbances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
ISSN:	10580360
DOI:	10.1044/2016_AJSLP-15-0023