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Effects of predictability on visual and linguistic narrative comprehension in autistic and non-autistic adults.

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Title: Effects of predictability on visual and linguistic narrative comprehension in autistic and non-autistic adults.
Authors: Kubinski, Sarah1 (AUTHOR), Brothers, Trevor2 (AUTHOR), Cohn, Neil3 (AUTHOR), Coderre, Emily L.1 (AUTHOR) emily.coderre@med.uvm.edu
Source: Language, Cognition & Neuroscience. Feb2025, Vol. 40 Issue 2, p231-262. 32p.
Subject Terms: *Autism, *Readability (Literary style), *Phonological awareness, *Asperger's syndrome, *Comparative studies, *Cognition, *Adults, Research funding, Evoked potentials (Electrophysiology), Descriptive statistics
Geographic Terms: Netherlands
Abstract: Autistic individuals sometimes show differences from non-autistic individuals when understanding stories, regardless of whether those stories are told through words or pictures. In narrative comprehension, predicting upcoming words or events in a story may facilitate understanding. In studies measuring event-related potentials (ERPs) with non-autistic adults, more predictable words in a linguistic narrative or panels in a visual narrative typically elicit reduced N400 amplitudes compared to less predictable words/panels. However, the predictive processes used by autistic individuals may differ from those used by non-autistic individuals, which could contribute to differences in narrative comprehension. Here, we report two studies examining predictive processing in linguistic and visual narrative comprehension among autistic and non-autistic adults. Autistic adults showed earlier N400 modulations by cloze compared to non-autistic adults in both linguistic and visual modalities, which may reflect a more bottom-up processing style that relies less on active prediction of upcoming words or events. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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Database: Education Research Complete
Description
Abstract:Autistic individuals sometimes show differences from non-autistic individuals when understanding stories, regardless of whether those stories are told through words or pictures. In narrative comprehension, predicting upcoming words or events in a story may facilitate understanding. In studies measuring event-related potentials (ERPs) with non-autistic adults, more predictable words in a linguistic narrative or panels in a visual narrative typically elicit reduced N400 amplitudes compared to less predictable words/panels. However, the predictive processes used by autistic individuals may differ from those used by non-autistic individuals, which could contribute to differences in narrative comprehension. Here, we report two studies examining predictive processing in linguistic and visual narrative comprehension among autistic and non-autistic adults. Autistic adults showed earlier N400 modulations by cloze compared to non-autistic adults in both linguistic and visual modalities, which may reflect a more bottom-up processing style that relies less on active prediction of upcoming words or events. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
ISSN:23273798
DOI:10.1080/23273798.2024.2411698