A Latent Class Analysis of COVID-19 Vaccine Attitudes and Beliefs: Results from a Community Survey Conducted Via the Chicagoland Community Engagement Alliance (CEAL) Program.
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| Title: | A Latent Class Analysis of COVID-19 Vaccine Attitudes and Beliefs: Results from a Community Survey Conducted Via the Chicagoland Community Engagement Alliance (CEAL) Program. |
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| Authors: | Vu, Milkie1 milkie.vu@northwestern.edu, Yeom, Jimin1, Trinh, Duy2, Gou, Jane1, Hong, Timothy1, Zaheeruddin, Marym1, Bishop-Royse, Jessica3, Hartstein, Madison4, Spring, Bonnie1, Moskowitz, David5, Doan, Anh1, Martin, Molly6 |
| Source: | Journal of Community Health. Oct2025, Vol. 50 Issue 5, p883-895. 13p. |
| Subject Terms: | *Communities, *Confidence, *Attitude (Psychology), Scale analysis (Psychology), Health attitudes, Research funding, Patient safety, Vaccination, Evaluation of human services programs, Questionnaires, Vaccine effectiveness, Logistic regression analysis, Socioeconomic factors, COVID-19 vaccines, Structural equation modeling, Uncertainty, Odds ratio, Sociodemographic factors, Public health, Data analysis software, Confidence intervals, COVID-19 |
| Abstract: | Background: In the U.S., responses to the rollout of COVID-19 vaccine varied widely, with contrasting perceptions of the vaccine. We aimed to characterize distinct groups of respondents regarding COVID-19 vaccine perceptions. Methods: Data came from the 2021–2023 Common Survey (n = 852), collected in Chicago using a community-based participatory approach focusing on communities with low COVID-19 vaccination. Participants answered eight questions about vaccine-related perceptions. We conducted a latent class analysis in R. Results: The sample included 623 female participants (73.1%), 482 Black participants (56.6%), 259 Hispanic/Latino(a) participants (30.4%), 26 Asian participants (3.1%), and 261 participants with a college degree (30.6%). In a four-class model, Class 1 (skeptic) included 153 participants (18.0%) with low confidence in vaccine safety, effectiveness, and potential to get life back to normal. Class 2 (uncertain) included 163 participants (19.1%) who mostly indicated uncertainty. Class 3 (support with concerns) included 266 participants (31.2%) who recognized many vaccine benefits but also had concerns about its rapid development and "not being studied in people like me." Class 4 (pro-vaccine) included 270 participants (31.7%) with high confidence in vaccine safety and effectiveness and social approval of vaccination. Interestingly, both the skeptic and pro-vaccine groups had somewhat similar agreement with the statement "not enough information on COVID vaccine interaction." Class assignments varied by sociodemographic characteristics. Socioeconomic hardships were associated with a lower likelihood of being in the "pro-vaccine" group. Conclusions: Given the distinct classes of vaccine beliefs, tailored public health messaging is needed to enhance vaccine confidence and uptake. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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| Database: | Education Research Complete |
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| Abstract: | Background: In the U.S., responses to the rollout of COVID-19 vaccine varied widely, with contrasting perceptions of the vaccine. We aimed to characterize distinct groups of respondents regarding COVID-19 vaccine perceptions. Methods: Data came from the 2021–2023 Common Survey (n = 852), collected in Chicago using a community-based participatory approach focusing on communities with low COVID-19 vaccination. Participants answered eight questions about vaccine-related perceptions. We conducted a latent class analysis in R. Results: The sample included 623 female participants (73.1%), 482 Black participants (56.6%), 259 Hispanic/Latino(a) participants (30.4%), 26 Asian participants (3.1%), and 261 participants with a college degree (30.6%). In a four-class model, Class 1 (skeptic) included 153 participants (18.0%) with low confidence in vaccine safety, effectiveness, and potential to get life back to normal. Class 2 (uncertain) included 163 participants (19.1%) who mostly indicated uncertainty. Class 3 (support with concerns) included 266 participants (31.2%) who recognized many vaccine benefits but also had concerns about its rapid development and "not being studied in people like me." Class 4 (pro-vaccine) included 270 participants (31.7%) with high confidence in vaccine safety and effectiveness and social approval of vaccination. Interestingly, both the skeptic and pro-vaccine groups had somewhat similar agreement with the statement "not enough information on COVID vaccine interaction." Class assignments varied by sociodemographic characteristics. Socioeconomic hardships were associated with a lower likelihood of being in the "pro-vaccine" group. Conclusions: Given the distinct classes of vaccine beliefs, tailored public health messaging is needed to enhance vaccine confidence and uptake. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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| ISSN: | 00945145 |
| DOI: | 10.1007/s10900-025-01472-8 |
