Teachers' support for children becoming pupils. An observation study of teachers' interactions and scaffolding in first grade.

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Title: Teachers' support for children becoming pupils. An observation study of teachers' interactions and scaffolding in first grade.
Authors: Hoff-Jenssen, Reidun1 (AUTHOR) reidun.hoff-jenssen@hiof.no
Source: Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research. Apr2026, Vol. 70 Issue 3, p688-703. 16p.
Subject Terms: *Teacher-student communication, *Educational support, *Interaction analysis in education, *First grade (Education), *Compulsory education, *Academic support programs
Abstract: While the transition from preschool to primary school has been extensively researched, less attention has been paid to the initial period of school, where children face new expectations and demands, academic and social, and become pupils. Following an observational approach, this study explores how teachers support school starters with the social aspect of becoming pupils by analysing teachers' interactions and use of scaffolding in the classroom. Four ways of teachers' interactions were identified: positive, verbal, non-verbal and sensitive. Furthermore, the analysis revealed that teachers employed various scaffolding means. The findings confirmed Van de Pol et al.'s identification of feedback, hints, explaining, modelling and questioning as means of scaffolding. Three additional means were identified: bodily, artefacts and organisation. The teachers' interactions and means of scaffolding formed a baseline for supporting children in becoming pupils. Expanding scaffolding allows for further exploration of new scaffolding means particularly useful for children starting primary school. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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Abstract:While the transition from preschool to primary school has been extensively researched, less attention has been paid to the initial period of school, where children face new expectations and demands, academic and social, and become pupils. Following an observational approach, this study explores how teachers support school starters with the social aspect of becoming pupils by analysing teachers' interactions and use of scaffolding in the classroom. Four ways of teachers' interactions were identified: positive, verbal, non-verbal and sensitive. Furthermore, the analysis revealed that teachers employed various scaffolding means. The findings confirmed Van de Pol et al.'s identification of feedback, hints, explaining, modelling and questioning as means of scaffolding. Three additional means were identified: bodily, artefacts and organisation. The teachers' interactions and means of scaffolding formed a baseline for supporting children in becoming pupils. Expanding scaffolding allows for further exploration of new scaffolding means particularly useful for children starting primary school. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
ISSN:00313831
DOI:10.1080/00313831.2025.2506385