Disentangling communication challenges in trainees' learning journeys: A longitudinal study in the general practice specialty training programme.

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Title: Disentangling communication challenges in trainees' learning journeys: A longitudinal study in the general practice specialty training programme.
Authors: Verheijden, Michelle1,2 (AUTHOR) m.verheijden@maastrichtuniversity.nl, Giroldi, Esther1,2 (AUTHOR), Beuken, Juliëtte Anna2 (AUTHOR), Muris, Jean1 (AUTHOR), Dielissen, Patrick3 (AUTHOR), de Bruin, Anique2 (AUTHOR), de Jonge-'t Hoen, Lisa4 (AUTHOR), Timmerman, Angelique1,2 (AUTHOR)
Source: Medical Teacher. May2026, Vol. 48 Issue 5, p844-854. 11p.
Subject Terms: *Empathy, *Qualitative research, *Interprofessional relations, *Content analysis, *Health occupations students, *Experience, *Students, *Longitudinal method, *Communication education, *Learning strategies, Family medicine, Research funding, Interviewing, Questionnaires, Hospital medical staff, Thematic analysis, Sound recordings, Diary (Literary form), Patient-professional relations, Phenomenology
Abstract: Background: Learning skilled communication implies adapting and monitoring to the needs of the clinical encounter. Research suggests communication challenges can trigger learning; however, their nature remains unclear. This study explores what challenges act as triggers, improving understanding of developing skilled communication and guiding educators in targeted coaching. Material and methods: This longitudinal qualitative study used a phenomenological approach to collect data from first- and third-year general practitioner trainees through clinical observations, interviews, and audio-diaries. Using a twofold approach, a thematic content analysis was performed, triangulating data sources and next, findings were used to craft stories illustrating the communication challenges learners encountered during training. Results: Per year-group a story was crafted, illustrating communication challenges driving trainees' learning. First-year trainees focused on the effectiveness of patient-centred communication skills. Third-year trainees adopted a meta-perspective, using self-monitoring skills to develop a personalised style, adapt communication to patients' needs, and work collaboratively, driven by curiosity to understand each patient's context. Conclusions: We identified communication challenges in workplace learning that trigger the development of skilled communication. To help learners recognise and share these challenges, a safe learning environment is crucial, along with scaffolded guidance from educators to support learners in identifying challenges and fostering self-monitoring skills throughout their learning journey. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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Abstract:Background: Learning skilled communication implies adapting and monitoring to the needs of the clinical encounter. Research suggests communication challenges can trigger learning; however, their nature remains unclear. This study explores what challenges act as triggers, improving understanding of developing skilled communication and guiding educators in targeted coaching. Material and methods: This longitudinal qualitative study used a phenomenological approach to collect data from first- and third-year general practitioner trainees through clinical observations, interviews, and audio-diaries. Using a twofold approach, a thematic content analysis was performed, triangulating data sources and next, findings were used to craft stories illustrating the communication challenges learners encountered during training. Results: Per year-group a story was crafted, illustrating communication challenges driving trainees' learning. First-year trainees focused on the effectiveness of patient-centred communication skills. Third-year trainees adopted a meta-perspective, using self-monitoring skills to develop a personalised style, adapt communication to patients' needs, and work collaboratively, driven by curiosity to understand each patient's context. Conclusions: We identified communication challenges in workplace learning that trigger the development of skilled communication. To help learners recognise and share these challenges, a safe learning environment is crucial, along with scaffolded guidance from educators to support learners in identifying challenges and fostering self-monitoring skills throughout their learning journey. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
ISSN:0142159X
DOI:10.1080/0142159X.2025.2596903