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DE LOS ARANCELES Y CONTROLES ADUANEROS EN LA COMPETITIVIDAD DEL COMERCIO INTERNACIONAL PERIODO 2020-2025.

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Title: DE LOS ARANCELES Y CONTROLES ADUANEROS EN LA COMPETITIVIDAD DEL COMERCIO INTERNACIONAL PERIODO 2020-2025.
Alternate Title: ROLE OF TARIFFS AND CUSTOMS CONTROLS IN THE COMPETITIVENESS OF INTERNATIONAL TRADE PERIOD 2020-2025.
Authors: Sánchez, Icssa Nicoel Marulanda1 imarulandas@unemi.edu.ec, Andrade, Xiomara del Rocío Revelo2 xreveloa@unemi.edu.ec, Alegría, Jonathan Estuardo Pozo3 jpozoa2@unemi.edu.ec
Source: Ciencia y Educación (2707-3378). 2026 Special Issue, Vol. 7, p454-473. 20p.
Subject Terms: Tariff, Trade regulation, Economic competition, Supply chains, International trade, Comparative advantage (International trade), International markets
Abstract (English): This research addresses the problems associated with the impact of these regulations on market access, trade costs, and the operational conditions of international transactions. From this perspective, the study aims to analyze the role of tariffs and customs controls in the competitiveness of international trade during the period 2020-2025. The methodologicalapproach is based on a qualitative, descriptive, and bibliographic approach, supported by documentary analysis of research published during that time frame. This research was organized using categorization matrices and examined with inductive-deductive, analyticalsynthetic, and comparative procedures. The results show that tariff variations and customs controls directly influence the structure of international trade. Tariff increases and embargoes lead to a contraction of trade, increased production costs, and a reconfiguration of global supply chains. Conversely, liberalization processes, customs simplification, and preferential agreements reduce trade barriers, promote regional productive integration, and strengthen the competitiveness of economies capable of adapting to new regulatory and trade conditions. In conclusion, between 2020 and 2025, tariff behavior showed selective adjustments driven by economic priorities, while customs controls demonstrated technological advancements alongside persistent operational gaps. Therefore, a system in transition is emerging, where technical and political decisions coexist, generating differentiated effects on competitiveness, revenue collection, and efficiency in trade oversight. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Abstract (Spanish): La investigación aborda la problemática asociada a la incidencia que estas regulaciones ejercen sobre el acceso a los mercados, los costos comerciales y las condiciones operativas de las transacciones internacionales, bajo esta perspectiva, el estudio se propone analizar el rol de los aranceles y controles aduaneros en la competitividad del comercio internacional durante el periodo 2020-2025. El abordaje metodológico se sustenta en un enfoque cualitativo de carácter descriptivo y bibliográfico, apoyado en análisis documental de investigaciones publicadas en ese intervalo temporal, organizadas mediante matrices de categorización y examinadas con procedimientos inductivo-deductivos, analítico-sintéticos y comparativos. Los resultados evidencian que las variaciones arancelarias y los controles aduaneros influyen directamente en la estructura del comercio internacional, los incrementos tarifarios y embargos generan contracción del intercambio, aumento de costos productivos y reconfiguración de cadenas globales, mientras que los procesos de liberalización, simplificación aduanera y acuerdos preferenciales reducen barreras comerciales, favorecen la integración productiva regional y fortalecen la competitividad de economías capaces de adaptarse a nuevas condiciones regulatorias y comerciales. En conclusión, entre el 2020 y 2025, el comportamiento arancelario evidenció ajustes selectivos orientados por prioridades económicas, mientras los controles aduaneros mostraron avances tecnológicos junto a persistentes brechas operativas; por lo tanto, se configura un sistema en transición, donde las decisiones técnicas y políticas coexisten, generando efectos diferenciados sobre competitividad, recaudación y eficiencia en la supervisión comercial. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Abstract (Portuguese): Esta pesquisa aborda os problemas associados ao impacto dessas regulamentações no acesso ao mercado, nos custos comerciais e nas condições operacionais das transações internacionais. Nessa perspectiva, o estudo visa analisar o papel das tarifas e dos controles aduaneiros na competitividade do comércio internacional durante o período de 2020 a 2025. A abordagem metodológica baseia-se em uma perspectiva qualitativa, descritiva e bibliográfica, apoiada pela análise documental de pesquisas publicadas nesse período. A pesquisa foi organizada utilizando matrizes de categorização e examinada por meio de procedimentos indutivo-dedutivos, analíticosintéticos e comparativos. Os resultados mostram que as variações tarifárias e os controles aduaneiros influenciam diretamente a estrutura do comércio internacional. Aumentos tarifários e embargos levam à contração do comércio, ao aumento dos custos de produção e à reconfiguração das cadeias de suprimentos globais. Por outro lado, processos de liberalização, simplificação aduaneira e acordos preferenciais reduzem as barreiras comerciais, promovem a integração produtiva regional e fortalecem a competitividade das economias capazes de se adaptar às novas condições regulatórias e comerciais. Em conclusão, entre 2020 e 2025, o comportamento tarifário apresentou ajustes seletivos impulsionados por prioridades econômicas, enquanto os controles aduaneiros demonstraram avanços tecnológicos, porém com lacunas operacionais persistentes. Portanto, está emergindo um sistema em transição, onde decisões técnicas e políticas coexistem, gerando efeitos diferenciados sobre a competitividade, a arrecadação de receitas e a eficiência na supervisão do comércio. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of Ciencia y Educación (2707-3378) is the property of Duanys Miguel Pena Lopez and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database: Education Research Complete
Description
Abstract:This research addresses the problems associated with the impact of these regulations on market access, trade costs, and the operational conditions of international transactions. From this perspective, the study aims to analyze the role of tariffs and customs controls in the competitiveness of international trade during the period 2020-2025. The methodologicalapproach is based on a qualitative, descriptive, and bibliographic approach, supported by documentary analysis of research published during that time frame. This research was organized using categorization matrices and examined with inductive-deductive, analyticalsynthetic, and comparative procedures. The results show that tariff variations and customs controls directly influence the structure of international trade. Tariff increases and embargoes lead to a contraction of trade, increased production costs, and a reconfiguration of global supply chains. Conversely, liberalization processes, customs simplification, and preferential agreements reduce trade barriers, promote regional productive integration, and strengthen the competitiveness of economies capable of adapting to new regulatory and trade conditions. In conclusion, between 2020 and 2025, tariff behavior showed selective adjustments driven by economic priorities, while customs controls demonstrated technological advancements alongside persistent operational gaps. Therefore, a system in transition is emerging, where technical and political decisions coexist, generating differentiated effects on competitiveness, revenue collection, and efficiency in trade oversight. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
ISSN:27073378