Experimental study of exergy efficiency, rheological behavior, thermal performance, and entropy generation/destruction in graphene-ZrO2/water hybrid nanofluids.
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| Title: | Experimental study of exergy efficiency, rheological behavior, thermal performance, and entropy generation/destruction in graphene-ZrO |
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| Authors: | Singh, Pradeep Kumar1 (AUTHOR), Manikandan, R.2 (AUTHOR) manikandanr.sse@saveetha.com, Kulshreshta, Ankur3 (AUTHOR), Jacob, Ashwin4 (AUTHOR), Soudagar, Manzoore Elahi M.5,6 (AUTHOR), Sekar, S.7 (AUTHOR), Kaliappan, S.8 (AUTHOR), Obaid, Sami Al9 (AUTHOR), Salmen, Saleh Hussein9 (AUTHOR) |
| Source: | Experimental Heat Transfer. 2026, Vol. 39 Issue 3, p293-316. 24p. |
| Subject Terms: | *Nanofluids, *Heat transfer coefficient, *Thermal conductivity, *Entropy, *Rheology, *Dynamic viscosity |
| Abstract: | The present investigation established the heat transfer coefficient, thermal and frictional entropy generation, entropy destruction, exergy efficiency, dynamic viscosity, and thermal performance of G-ZrO2/water nanofluid. The two-step fabrication method developed the hybrid nanofluid with distinct particle loading ϕ = 0.0%, 0.05%, 0.75%, 0.1%, and 0.125% and Reynolds numbers ranging from 2000 to 23,200. As a result, the increases in Nu and hnf are 33.03% and 59.4% for particle loading ϕ = 0.125% at Reynolds number (Re) 15,608, respectively. Moreover, the temperature variance decreases from 31.06% to 61.63% as the particle loading of ϕ = 0.125 is modified at Reynolds numbers 2000–15,608, respectively. The friction factor increases by 5.089% at Reynolds number (Re) 2456 and particle loading ϕ = 0.125%, increasing to 16.52% at higher Reynolds numbers than base fluid. Similarly, with a Re number of 15,608 and 1.0% volume of nanofluid, the development of frictional entropy (Sg, F) increases by 94.23% while the production of thermal entropy (Sg, T) decreases by 33.61%. Similarly, the higher reduction in thermal exergy destruction (Exdes, T) and increases of frictional exergy destruction (Exdes, F) value of 20.46% and 158.097% were observed at Re number Re = 23255 for higher particle loading of ϕ = 0.125%. Moreover, the exergy efficiencies demonstrated improvements of 11.76%, 15.38%, 19.84%, and 20.58% at Re of 23,255, 21023, 18058, and 15,608, respectively, in assessment to the distilled water. The TPF is 1.252 times higher than the base fluid, demonstrating the favorable characteristics of G-ZrO2/water nanofluids as heat transfer hybrid nanofluids. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Database: | Energy & Power Source |
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| Header | DbId: enr DbLabel: Energy & Power Source An: 192006688 AccessLevel: 6 PubType: Academic Journal PubTypeId: academicJournal PreciseRelevancyScore: 0 |
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| Items | – Name: Title Label: Title Group: Ti Data: Experimental study of exergy efficiency, rheological behavior, thermal performance, and entropy generation/destruction in graphene-ZrO<subscript>2</subscript>/water hybrid nanofluids. – Name: Author Label: Authors Group: Au Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Singh%2C+Pradeep+Kumar%22">Singh, Pradeep Kumar</searchLink><relatesTo>1</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Manikandan%2C+R%2E%22">Manikandan, R.</searchLink><relatesTo>2</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<i> manikandanr.sse@saveetha.com</i><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kulshreshta%2C+Ankur%22">Kulshreshta, Ankur</searchLink><relatesTo>3</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Jacob%2C+Ashwin%22">Jacob, Ashwin</searchLink><relatesTo>4</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Soudagar%2C+Manzoore+Elahi+M%2E%22">Soudagar, Manzoore Elahi M.</searchLink><relatesTo>5,6</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Sekar%2C+S%2E%22">Sekar, S.</searchLink><relatesTo>7</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kaliappan%2C+S%2E%22">Kaliappan, S.</searchLink><relatesTo>8</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Obaid%2C+Sami+Al%22">Obaid, Sami Al</searchLink><relatesTo>9</relatesTo> (AUTHOR)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Salmen%2C+Saleh+Hussein%22">Salmen, Saleh Hussein</searchLink><relatesTo>9</relatesTo> (AUTHOR) – Name: TitleSource Label: Source Group: Src Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22Experimental+Heat+Transfer%22">Experimental Heat Transfer</searchLink>. 2026, Vol. 39 Issue 3, p293-316. 24p. – Name: Subject Label: Subject Terms Group: Su Data: *<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Nanofluids%22">Nanofluids</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Heat+transfer+coefficient%22">Heat transfer coefficient</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Thermal+conductivity%22">Thermal conductivity</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Entropy%22">Entropy</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Rheology%22">Rheology</searchLink><br />*<searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Dynamic+viscosity%22">Dynamic viscosity</searchLink> – Name: Abstract Label: Abstract Group: Ab Data: The present investigation established the heat transfer coefficient, thermal and frictional entropy generation, entropy destruction, exergy efficiency, dynamic viscosity, and thermal performance of G-ZrO2/water nanofluid. The two-step fabrication method developed the hybrid nanofluid with distinct particle loading ϕ = 0.0%, 0.05%, 0.75%, 0.1%, and 0.125% and Reynolds numbers ranging from 2000 to 23,200. As a result, the increases in Nu and hnf are 33.03% and 59.4% for particle loading ϕ = 0.125% at Reynolds number (Re) 15,608, respectively. Moreover, the temperature variance decreases from 31.06% to 61.63% as the particle loading of ϕ = 0.125 is modified at Reynolds numbers 2000–15,608, respectively. The friction factor increases by 5.089% at Reynolds number (Re) 2456 and particle loading ϕ = 0.125%, increasing to 16.52% at higher Reynolds numbers than base fluid. Similarly, with a Re number of 15,608 and 1.0% volume of nanofluid, the development of frictional entropy (Sg, F) increases by 94.23% while the production of thermal entropy (Sg, T) decreases by 33.61%. Similarly, the higher reduction in thermal exergy destruction (Exdes, T) and increases of frictional exergy destruction (Exdes, F) value of 20.46% and 158.097% were observed at Re number Re = 23255 for higher particle loading of ϕ = 0.125%. Moreover, the exergy efficiencies demonstrated improvements of 11.76%, 15.38%, 19.84%, and 20.58% at Re of 23,255, 21023, 18058, and 15,608, respectively, in assessment to the distilled water. The TPF is 1.252 times higher than the base fluid, demonstrating the favorable characteristics of G-ZrO2/water nanofluids as heat transfer hybrid nanofluids. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| PLink | https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=enr&AN=192006688 |
| RecordInfo | BibRecord: BibEntity: Identifiers: – Type: doi Value: 10.1080/08916152.2025.2503887 Languages: – Code: eng Text: English PhysicalDescription: Pagination: PageCount: 24 StartPage: 293 Subjects: – SubjectFull: Nanofluids Type: general – SubjectFull: Heat transfer coefficient Type: general – SubjectFull: Thermal conductivity Type: general – SubjectFull: Entropy Type: general – SubjectFull: Rheology Type: general – SubjectFull: Dynamic viscosity Type: general Titles: – TitleFull: Experimental study of exergy efficiency, rheological behavior, thermal performance, and entropy generation/destruction in graphene-ZrO2/water hybrid nanofluids. Type: main BibRelationships: HasContributorRelationships: – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Singh, Pradeep Kumar – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Manikandan, R. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Kulshreshta, Ankur – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Jacob, Ashwin – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Soudagar, Manzoore Elahi M. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Sekar, S. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Kaliappan, S. – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Obaid, Sami Al – PersonEntity: Name: NameFull: Salmen, Saleh Hussein IsPartOfRelationships: – BibEntity: Dates: – D: 01 M: 05 Text: 2026 Type: published Y: 2026 Identifiers: – Type: issn-print Value: 08916152 Numbering: – Type: volume Value: 39 – Type: issue Value: 3 Titles: – TitleFull: Experimental Heat Transfer Type: main |
| ResultId | 1 |
