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Sharing the Cost: Insights from States Funding Dual Enrollment to Expand Access

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Title: Sharing the Cost: Insights from States Funding Dual Enrollment to Expand Access
Language: English
Authors: Krista Kaput, Sharmila Mann, Carrie Hahnel, Bellwether
Source: Bellwether. 2025.
Availability: Bellwether. 650 Massachusetts Avenue, NW Suite 600, Washington, D.C. 20001. Tel: 877-636-0909; Web site: https://bellwether.org/
Peer Reviewed: N
Page Count: 58
Publication Date: 2025
Sponsoring Agency: Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation
Document Type: Reports - Research
Education Level: High Schools
Secondary Education
Higher Education
Postsecondary Education
Two Year Colleges
Descriptors: Dual Enrollment, Educational Finance, State Aid, Access to Education, Educational Policy, State Policy, Minority Group Students, Student Participation, Sustainability, Community Colleges, School Districts, Educational Cooperation, High School Students
Geographic Terms: California, Idaho, Minnesota, Texas
Abstract: In 2023, 2.5 million high school students participated in dual enrollment -- programs that allow them to take and earn credit for college-level courses. Research shows that dual enrollment leads to better student outcomes, such as higher graduation rates, college enrollment, and credit accumulation. However, access to these programs is inequitable, with white and high-income students participating at higher rates than Black, Latino, Indigenous, and economically disadvantaged students. State policymakers can use funding policies to expand access to dual enrollment programs, particularly for underrepresented students. "Sharing the Cost: Insights From States Funding Dual Enrollment to Expand Access" examines six dual enrollment programs across four states -- California, Idaho, Minnesota, and Texas. This report analyzes each program's funding structures -- including how costs are shared across states, community colleges, K-12 districts, and students -- as well as student participation and attainment outcomes. It also highlights policies shared across multiple case study states. It concludes with four recommendations for state policymakers, advocates, education leaders, and other stakeholders seeking to increase access to and participation in dual enrollment programs: (1) Ensure sustainable state funding by directing state funds to cover student tuition and nontuition costs, especially for student subgroups that are underrepresented in dual enrollment, and by establishing reasonable guardrails when investing in program growth; (2) Support district and Institution of Higher Education (IHE) participation by creating funding structures that fairly support the engagement of both district and IHE partners and by establishing statewide MOU requirements for dual enrollment partnerships; (3) Support student participation by investing in growing the instructor workforce to meet program demand, identifying options for students to cover nontuition costs, and establishing effective and accessible advising systems; and (4) Monitor impact and inform continuous improvement by requiring K-12 districts and IHEs to track and report data disaggregated by student subgroup and by connecting data across K-12 and postsecondary systems while addressing privacy concerns.
Abstractor: As Provided
Entry Date: 2025
Accession Number: ED674173
Database: ERIC
FullText Text:
  Availability: 0
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IllustrationInfo
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  Data: Sharing the Cost: Insights from States Funding Dual Enrollment to Expand Access
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Krista+Kaput%22">Krista Kaput</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Sharmila+Mann%22">Sharmila Mann</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Carrie+Hahnel%22">Carrie Hahnel</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Bellwether%22">Bellwether</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="SO" term="%22Bellwether%22"><i>Bellwether</i></searchLink>. 2025.
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  Data: Bellwether. 650 Massachusetts Avenue, NW Suite 600, Washington, D.C. 20001. Tel: 877-636-0909; Web site: https://bellwether.org/
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  Data: 58
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  Data: 2025
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  Data: Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Dual+Enrollment%22">Dual Enrollment</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Educational+Finance%22">Educational Finance</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22State+Aid%22">State Aid</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Access+to+Education%22">Access to Education</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Educational+Policy%22">Educational Policy</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22State+Policy%22">State Policy</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Minority+Group+Students%22">Minority Group Students</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Student+Participation%22">Student Participation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Sustainability%22">Sustainability</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Community+Colleges%22">Community Colleges</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22School+Districts%22">School Districts</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Educational+Cooperation%22">Educational Cooperation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22High+School+Students%22">High School Students</searchLink>
– Name: Subject
  Label: Geographic Terms
  Group: Su
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22California%22">California</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Idaho%22">Idaho</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Minnesota%22">Minnesota</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Texas%22">Texas</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: In 2023, 2.5 million high school students participated in dual enrollment -- programs that allow them to take and earn credit for college-level courses. Research shows that dual enrollment leads to better student outcomes, such as higher graduation rates, college enrollment, and credit accumulation. However, access to these programs is inequitable, with white and high-income students participating at higher rates than Black, Latino, Indigenous, and economically disadvantaged students. State policymakers can use funding policies to expand access to dual enrollment programs, particularly for underrepresented students. "Sharing the Cost: Insights From States Funding Dual Enrollment to Expand Access" examines six dual enrollment programs across four states -- California, Idaho, Minnesota, and Texas. This report analyzes each program's funding structures -- including how costs are shared across states, community colleges, K-12 districts, and students -- as well as student participation and attainment outcomes. It also highlights policies shared across multiple case study states. It concludes with four recommendations for state policymakers, advocates, education leaders, and other stakeholders seeking to increase access to and participation in dual enrollment programs: (1) Ensure sustainable state funding by directing state funds to cover student tuition and nontuition costs, especially for student subgroups that are underrepresented in dual enrollment, and by establishing reasonable guardrails when investing in program growth; (2) Support district and Institution of Higher Education (IHE) participation by creating funding structures that fairly support the engagement of both district and IHE partners and by establishing statewide MOU requirements for dual enrollment partnerships; (3) Support student participation by investing in growing the instructor workforce to meet program demand, identifying options for students to cover nontuition costs, and establishing effective and accessible advising systems; and (4) Monitor impact and inform continuous improvement by requiring K-12 districts and IHEs to track and report data disaggregated by student subgroup and by connecting data across K-12 and postsecondary systems while addressing privacy concerns.
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  Data: As Provided
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  Data: 2025
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  Data: ED674173
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    Languages:
      – Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 58
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Dual Enrollment
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Educational Finance
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: State Aid
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Access to Education
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      – SubjectFull: Educational Policy
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      – SubjectFull: State Policy
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      – SubjectFull: Minority Group Students
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      – SubjectFull: Student Participation
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      – SubjectFull: Sustainability
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      – SubjectFull: Community Colleges
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      – SubjectFull: School Districts
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      – SubjectFull: Educational Cooperation
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      – SubjectFull: High School Students
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      – SubjectFull: California
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      – SubjectFull: Idaho
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      – SubjectFull: Minnesota
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Texas
        Type: general
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      – TitleFull: Sharing the Cost: Insights from States Funding Dual Enrollment to Expand Access
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