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The Abacus: Instruction by Teachers of Students with Visual Impairments

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Title: The Abacus: Instruction by Teachers of Students with Visual Impairments
Language: English
Authors: Amato, Sheila, Hong, Sunggye, Rosenblum, L. Penny
Source: Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness. Jul-Aug 2013 107(4):262-272.
Availability: American Foundation for the Blind. 11 Penn Plaza Suite 300, New York, NY 10001. Tel: 800-232-5463; Tel: 212-502-7600; e-mail: afbinfo@afb.net; Web site: http://www.afb.org/store
Peer Reviewed: Y
Page Count: 11
Publication Date: 2013
Document Type: Journal Articles
Reports - Research
Education Level: Elementary Education
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Manipulative Materials, Blindness, Partial Vision, Teacher Surveys, Mathematics Skills, Elementary School Students, Elementary School Teachers, Instructional Effectiveness, Measures (Individuals), High Stakes Tests, Individualized Education Programs, Teaching Methods
Geographic Terms: Canada, United States
ISSN: 0145-482X
Abstract: Introduction: This article, based on a study of 196 teachers of students with visual impairments, reports on the experiences with and opinions related to their decisions about instructing their students who are blind or have low vision in the abacus. Methods: The participants completed an online survey on how they decide which students should be taught abacus computation skills and which skills they teach. Data were also gathered on those who reported that they did not teach computation with the abacus. Results: The participants resided in the United States and Canada and had various numbers of years of teaching experience. More than two-thirds of those who reported that they taught abacus computation skills indicated that they began instruction when their students were between preschool and the second grade. When students were provided with instruction in abacus computation, the most frequently taught skills were the operations of addition and subtraction. More than two-thirds of the participants reported that students were allowed to use an abacus on high-stakes tests in their state or province. Discussion: Teachers of students with visual impairments are teaching students to compute using the Cranmer abacus. A small number of participants reported they did not teach computation with an abacus to their students because of their own lack of knowledge. Implications for practitioners: The abacus has a role in the toolbox of today's students with visual impairments. Among other implications for educational practice, further studies are needed to examine more closely how teachers of students with visual impairments are instructing their students in computation with an abacus. Topics to examine include the frequency of instruction, the age at which instruction begins, how instruction is provided to children with multiple disabilities, whether instruction is provided in the general education classroom or via pullouts, the role of math teachers and paraeducators in instruction, and how the abacus could be used collaboratively with technology.
Abstractor: As Provided
Number of References: 18
Entry Date: 2013
Access URL: https://www.afb.org/afbpress/pubjvib.asp?DocID=jvib0704toc
Accession Number: EJ1017555
Database: ERIC
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  Data: The Abacus: Instruction by Teachers of Students with Visual Impairments
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Amato%2C+Sheila%22">Amato, Sheila</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hong%2C+Sunggye%22">Hong, Sunggye</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Rosenblum%2C+L%2E+Penny%22">Rosenblum, L. Penny</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="SO" term="%22Journal+of+Visual+Impairment+%26+Blindness%22"><i>Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness</i></searchLink>. Jul-Aug 2013 107(4):262-272.
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  Data: American Foundation for the Blind. 11 Penn Plaza Suite 300, New York, NY 10001. Tel: 800-232-5463; Tel: 212-502-7600; e-mail: afbinfo@afb.net; Web site: http://www.afb.org/store
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  Data: 11
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  Label: Geographic Terms
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Canada%22">Canada</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22United+States%22">United States</searchLink>
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  Data: 0145-482X
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Introduction: This article, based on a study of 196 teachers of students with visual impairments, reports on the experiences with and opinions related to their decisions about instructing their students who are blind or have low vision in the abacus. Methods: The participants completed an online survey on how they decide which students should be taught abacus computation skills and which skills they teach. Data were also gathered on those who reported that they did not teach computation with the abacus. Results: The participants resided in the United States and Canada and had various numbers of years of teaching experience. More than two-thirds of those who reported that they taught abacus computation skills indicated that they began instruction when their students were between preschool and the second grade. When students were provided with instruction in abacus computation, the most frequently taught skills were the operations of addition and subtraction. More than two-thirds of the participants reported that students were allowed to use an abacus on high-stakes tests in their state or province. Discussion: Teachers of students with visual impairments are teaching students to compute using the Cranmer abacus. A small number of participants reported they did not teach computation with an abacus to their students because of their own lack of knowledge. Implications for practitioners: The abacus has a role in the toolbox of today's students with visual impairments. Among other implications for educational practice, further studies are needed to examine more closely how teachers of students with visual impairments are instructing their students in computation with an abacus. Topics to examine include the frequency of instruction, the age at which instruction begins, how instruction is provided to children with multiple disabilities, whether instruction is provided in the general education classroom or via pullouts, the role of math teachers and paraeducators in instruction, and how the abacus could be used collaboratively with technology.
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  Data: 18
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  Data: 2013
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
  BibEntity:
    Languages:
      – Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 11
        StartPage: 262
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Foreign Countries
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Manipulative Materials
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Blindness
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Partial Vision
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Teacher Surveys
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      – SubjectFull: Mathematics Skills
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      – SubjectFull: Elementary School Students
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      – SubjectFull: Elementary School Teachers
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Instructional Effectiveness
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      – SubjectFull: Measures (Individuals)
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      – SubjectFull: High Stakes Tests
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      – SubjectFull: Individualized Education Programs
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      – SubjectFull: Teaching Methods
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      – SubjectFull: Canada
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: United States
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      – TitleFull: The Abacus: Instruction by Teachers of Students with Visual Impairments
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            NameFull: Hong, Sunggye
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