Family Environmental Dynamics Differentially Influence Spoken Language Development in Children with and without Hearing Loss
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| Title: | Family Environmental Dynamics Differentially Influence Spoken Language Development in Children with and without Hearing Loss |
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| Language: | English |
| Authors: | Holt, Rachael Frush (ORCID |
| Source: | Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research. Jan 2022 65(1):361-377. |
| Availability: | American Speech-Language-Hearing Association. 2200 Research Blvd #250, Rockville, MD 20850. Tel: 301-296-5700; Fax: 301-296-8580; e-mail: slhr@asha.org; Web site: http://jslhr.pubs.asha.org |
| Peer Reviewed: | Y |
| Page Count: | 17 |
| Publication Date: | 2022 |
| Sponsoring Agency: | National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD) (DHHS/NIH) |
| Contract Number: | R01014956 |
| Document Type: | Journal Articles Reports - Research |
| Descriptors: | Family Environment, Environmental Influences, Speech Communication, Hearing Impairments, Children, Language Acquisition, Vocabulary Development, Language Skills, Verbal Ability, Family Characteristics, Family Relationship, Receptive Language |
| Assessment and Survey Identifiers: | Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test, Clinical Evaluation of Language Fundamentals, Family Environment Scale |
| DOI: | 10.1044/2021_JSLHR-21-00220 |
| ISSN: | 1092-4388 |
| Abstract: | Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate whether families of children with sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) are organized similarly to those of typically developing, typically hearing (TH) children and whether the dimensions of family dynamics and environment are related to spoken language development similarly in children with and without SNHL. Method: Primary caregivers of children with SNHL (n = 63) or TH (n = 65) completed the Family Environment Scale--Fourth Edition (FES-4) to assess multiple dimensions of family environment. Children's receptive vocabulary was assessed with the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test--Fourth Edition, and their receptive language was assessed by an age-appropriate version of the Concepts and Following Directions subtest of the Clinical Evaluation of Language Fundamentals and the Sentence Comprehension subscale of the Comprehensive Assessment of Spoken Language--Second Edition. Principal component analysis was used to examine the dimensional structure of the family environment. Results: Three higher order components were derived from FES-4 subscales for both families of children with SNHL and with TH: Supportive, Controlling, and Conflicted. However, the composition of the factors themselves differed between the two groups. For the TH group, most family environment measures on the FES-4 were not associated with language outcomes. In contrast, for children with SNHL, families who were more supportive, less controlling, and less conflicted had children with better language skills. Conclusions: Three well-accepted dimensions of family dynamics and functioning apply to families of children with SNHL, but their composition differs from those of families with TH children. Family environmental dynamics were much more strongly associated with language outcomes in children with SNHL than in their TH peers. The spoken language development of children with SNHL, in particular, is better in families that provide high levels of support for each other and, in particular, low levels of control, disorganization, and conflict, reflecting the fragile nature of their spoken language development. |
| Abstractor: | As Provided |
| Entry Date: | 2022 |
| Accession Number: | EJ1325579 |
| Database: | ERIC |
| Abstract: | Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate whether families of children with sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) are organized similarly to those of typically developing, typically hearing (TH) children and whether the dimensions of family dynamics and environment are related to spoken language development similarly in children with and without SNHL. Method: Primary caregivers of children with SNHL (n = 63) or TH (n = 65) completed the Family Environment Scale--Fourth Edition (FES-4) to assess multiple dimensions of family environment. Children's receptive vocabulary was assessed with the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test--Fourth Edition, and their receptive language was assessed by an age-appropriate version of the Concepts and Following Directions subtest of the Clinical Evaluation of Language Fundamentals and the Sentence Comprehension subscale of the Comprehensive Assessment of Spoken Language--Second Edition. Principal component analysis was used to examine the dimensional structure of the family environment. Results: Three higher order components were derived from FES-4 subscales for both families of children with SNHL and with TH: Supportive, Controlling, and Conflicted. However, the composition of the factors themselves differed between the two groups. For the TH group, most family environment measures on the FES-4 were not associated with language outcomes. In contrast, for children with SNHL, families who were more supportive, less controlling, and less conflicted had children with better language skills. Conclusions: Three well-accepted dimensions of family dynamics and functioning apply to families of children with SNHL, but their composition differs from those of families with TH children. Family environmental dynamics were much more strongly associated with language outcomes in children with SNHL than in their TH peers. The spoken language development of children with SNHL, in particular, is better in families that provide high levels of support for each other and, in particular, low levels of control, disorganization, and conflict, reflecting the fragile nature of their spoken language development. |
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| ISSN: | 1092-4388 |
| DOI: | 10.1044/2021_JSLHR-21-00220 |
