Does Text Generation Improve Learning from Expository Text? A Conceptual Replication Attempt

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Bibliographic Details
Title: Does Text Generation Improve Learning from Expository Text? A Conceptual Replication Attempt
Language: English
Authors: Julia Schindler (ORCID 0000-0002-5833-1334), Tobias Richter (ORCID 0000-0002-0467-9044)
Source: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications. 2025 10.
Availability: Springer. Available from: Springer Nature. One New York Plaza, Suite 4600, New York, NY 10004. Tel: 800-777-4643; Tel: 212-460-1500; Fax: 212-460-1700; e-mail: customerservice@springernature.com; Web site: https://link.springer.com/
Peer Reviewed: Y
Page Count: 22
Publication Date: 2025
Document Type: Journal Articles
Reports - Research
Education Level: Higher Education
Postsecondary Education
Descriptors: Expository Writing, Sentences, Time on Task, Difficulty Level, Foreign Countries, College Students, Writing Improvement
Geographic Terms: Germany
DOI: 10.1186/s41235-025-00645-2
ISSN: 2365-7464
Abstract: The aim of the present study was to test the replicability of the text generation effect for learning with expository texts while systematically varying contextual factors that--based on extant literature--can be assumed to affect the occurrence and magnitude of the text generation effect. Seven experiments were conducted in which participants either read (control condition) or unscrambled sentences (generation condition) in expository texts. The experiments varied systematically on intentionality of learning, learning time constraint, retention interval, and study design. Contrary to expectations, no text generation effect could be found. Instead, some of the experiments even revealed a learning disadvantage for text generation compared to the reading control condition. In only one experiment (Experiment 6) and for just one of the learning measures, learners performed better when they had generated the texts. In sum, the results indicate that a generation effect is most likely to occur when learning is intentional, when learning time is unrestricted, and for immediate testing. The findings suggest that the applications of text generation in educational contexts are rather limited.
Abstractor: As Provided
Notes: https://osf.io/w9gks/?view_only=3c911a39e55049dbab42756abb310896
Entry Date: 2025
Accession Number: EJ1475427
Database: ERIC
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Abstract:The aim of the present study was to test the replicability of the text generation effect for learning with expository texts while systematically varying contextual factors that--based on extant literature--can be assumed to affect the occurrence and magnitude of the text generation effect. Seven experiments were conducted in which participants either read (control condition) or unscrambled sentences (generation condition) in expository texts. The experiments varied systematically on intentionality of learning, learning time constraint, retention interval, and study design. Contrary to expectations, no text generation effect could be found. Instead, some of the experiments even revealed a learning disadvantage for text generation compared to the reading control condition. In only one experiment (Experiment 6) and for just one of the learning measures, learners performed better when they had generated the texts. In sum, the results indicate that a generation effect is most likely to occur when learning is intentional, when learning time is unrestricted, and for immediate testing. The findings suggest that the applications of text generation in educational contexts are rather limited.
ISSN:2365-7464
DOI:10.1186/s41235-025-00645-2