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An Investigation of Gross Motor Milestone Achievement in Individuals with Developmental Coordination Disorder

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Title: An Investigation of Gross Motor Milestone Achievement in Individuals with Developmental Coordination Disorder
Language: English
Authors: Promise Robinson (ORCID 0009-0008-1889-1610), Crystal E. Alvarez (ORCID 0009-0008-1223-4396), Priscila Tamplain (ORCID 0000-0003-2713-5733)
Source: Journal of Motor Learning and Development. 2025 13(2):589-602.
Availability: Human Kinetics, Inc. 1607 North Market Street, Champaign, IL 61820. Tel: 800-474-4457; Fax: 217-351-1549; e-mail: info@hkusa.com; Web site: https://journals.humankinetics.com/view/journals/jmld/jmld-overview.xml
Peer Reviewed: Y
Page Count: 14
Publication Date: 2025
Document Type: Journal Articles
Reports - Research
Descriptors: Developmental Disabilities, Perceptual Motor Coordination, Psychomotor Skills, Developmental Tasks, Motor Development, Foreign Countries, Children, Parents
Geographic Terms: United States, United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, France, Romania, Brazil, Bolivia, New Zealand, Belgium
Assessment and Survey Identifiers: Movement Assessment Battery for Children
DOI: 10.1123/jmld.2024-0033
ISSN: 2325-3193
2325-3215
Abstract: The present study compared the age of achievement of 10 early gross motor milestones (lift head, roll back to belly, sit without support, crawl on hands and knees, stand with assistance, stand without support, walk with assistance, walk without support, climb stairs, and walk up/downstairs without support) of 111 school-age individuals diagnosed with developmental coordination disorder (DCD). This was compared with "previous" and "current" expectations for milestones. Children with DCD achieved all milestones later when compared with "previous" expectations (all p < 0.05) except for "roll back to belly." When compared with "current" expectations, children would have achieved "sit without support," "stand with assistance," and "walk without support" significantly earlier, but "lift head" and "walk with assistance" would have been achieved significantly later (all p < 0.05). The findings indicated that milestones were early indicators of developmental coordination disorder (DCD), for the present sample as the "previous" expectations were in place during their early development, but at "current" expectations, the same children would not be flagged for assessment and potential intervention. It is important to find other methods to determine motor delays in infancy and early childhood to support children who are later diagnosed with DCD.
Abstractor: As Provided
Entry Date: 2025
Accession Number: EJ1479307
Database: ERIC
FullText Text:
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  Data: An Investigation of Gross Motor Milestone Achievement in Individuals with Developmental Coordination Disorder
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  Data: &lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Promise+Robinson%22&quot;&gt;Promise Robinson&lt;/searchLink&gt; (ORCID &lt;externalLink term=&quot;https://orcid.org/0009-0008-1889-1610&quot;&gt;0009-0008-1889-1610&lt;/externalLink&gt;)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Crystal+E%2E+Alvarez%22&quot;&gt;Crystal E. Alvarez&lt;/searchLink&gt; (ORCID &lt;externalLink term=&quot;https://orcid.org/0009-0008-1223-4396&quot;&gt;0009-0008-1223-4396&lt;/externalLink&gt;)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;searchLink fieldCode=&quot;AR&quot; term=&quot;%22Priscila+Tamplain%22&quot;&gt;Priscila Tamplain&lt;/searchLink&gt; (ORCID &lt;externalLink term=&quot;https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2713-5733&quot;&gt;0000-0003-2713-5733&lt;/externalLink&gt;)
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  Data: Human Kinetics, Inc. 1607 North Market Street, Champaign, IL 61820. Tel: 800-474-4457; Fax: 217-351-1549; e-mail: info@hkusa.com; Web site: https://journals.humankinetics.com/view/journals/jmld/jmld-overview.xml
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  Data: 10.1123/jmld.2024-0033
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  Data: The present study compared the age of achievement of 10 early gross motor milestones (lift head, roll back to belly, sit without support, crawl on hands and knees, stand with assistance, stand without support, walk with assistance, walk without support, climb stairs, and walk up/downstairs without support) of 111 school-age individuals diagnosed with developmental coordination disorder (DCD). This was compared with &quot;previous&quot; and &quot;current&quot; expectations for milestones. Children with DCD achieved all milestones later when compared with &quot;previous&quot; expectations (all p &lt; 0.05) except for &quot;roll back to belly.&quot; When compared with &quot;current&quot; expectations, children would have achieved &quot;sit without support,&quot; &quot;stand with assistance,&quot; and &quot;walk without support&quot; significantly earlier, but &quot;lift head&quot; and &quot;walk with assistance&quot; would have been achieved significantly later (all p &lt; 0.05). The findings indicated that milestones were early indicators of developmental coordination disorder (DCD), for the present sample as the &quot;previous&quot; expectations were in place during their early development, but at &quot;current&quot; expectations, the same children would not be flagged for assessment and potential intervention. It is important to find other methods to determine motor delays in infancy and early childhood to support children who are later diagnosed with DCD.
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  Data: 2025
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        Value: 10.1123/jmld.2024-0033
    Languages:
      – Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 14
        StartPage: 589
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Developmental Disabilities
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Perceptual Motor Coordination
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Psychomotor Skills
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      – SubjectFull: Developmental Tasks
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      – SubjectFull: Motor Development
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      – SubjectFull: Foreign Countries
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      – SubjectFull: Children
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      – SubjectFull: United States
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      – SubjectFull: United Kingdom
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      – SubjectFull: Romania
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      – SubjectFull: Movement Assessment Battery for Children
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      – TitleFull: An Investigation of Gross Motor Milestone Achievement in Individuals with Developmental Coordination Disorder
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              Y: 2025
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