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Teaching Computational Thinking in Indonesia: Trend in Conception, Methods, Technology, and Evaluation

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Title: Teaching Computational Thinking in Indonesia: Trend in Conception, Methods, Technology, and Evaluation
Language: English
Authors: Cucuk Wawan Budiyanto (ORCID 0000-0001-7288-3605), Muhamad Nur Azmi Wahyudi (ORCID 0000-0001-8543-3689), Indah Widiastuti (ORCID 0000-0001-8176-4739), Rizka Latifah (ORCID 0009-0008-6862-5505)
Source: Educational Process: International Journal. Article e2025308 2025 17.
Availability: UNIVERSITEPARK Limited. iTOWER Plaza (No61, 9th floor) Merkez Mh Akar Cd No3, Sisli, Istanbul, Turkey 34382. e-mail: editor@edupij.com; Web site: http://www.edupij.com/
Peer Reviewed: Y
Page Count: 22
Publication Date: 2025
Document Type: Journal Articles
Reports - Research
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Computation, Thinking Skills, Educational Research, Teaching Methods, Technology Uses in Education, Evaluation Methods, Problem Based Learning, Blended Learning, Technology Integration, STEM Education, Critical Thinking, Problem Solving, Creative Thinking
Geographic Terms: Indonesia
ISSN: 2147-0901
2564-8020
Abstract: Background/purpose: Computational Thinking (CT) has gained widespread attention in education as a core cognitive skill essential for solving complex problems in both academic and real-world contexts. While Indonesian educators have actively adopted CT as part of national educational reforms, questions remain about how closely current practices align with the original theoretical underpinnings of CT. Materials/methods: This study conducted a systematic literature review of Scopus-indexed research articles focusing on CT in Indonesian education. Using PRISMA guidelines, 35 eligible articles were selected from an initial pool of 130. The analysis combined bibliographic mapping using VOSviewer and thematic analysis to explore trends related to CT conception, teaching methods, technologies used, and assessment practices. Results: The findings reveal that Indonesian researchers conceptualize CT in various ways--as a problem-solving skill, a digital literacy component, and a pedagogical approach linked to subjects such as mathematics, physics, and language. Nine pedagogical strategies were identified, with problem-based learning and hybrid models being the most prominent. Although educational technologies, such as Ed-Tech apps and robotics, are increasingly used to support CT, nearly half of the studies reviewed did not incorporate digital tools. Assessments primarily rely on self-reporting and mathematical problem-solving tasks, with limited evidence of comprehensive evaluation frameworks for CT skills. Conclusion: Despite growing interest and diverse applications of CT in Indonesia, inconsistencies in conceptual understanding and a lack of standardized evaluation methods highlight the need for more straightforward guidelines and stronger collaboration across stakeholders. This study contributes a national overview and suggests pathways for improving CT integration in Indonesian education.
Abstractor: As Provided
Entry Date: 2025
Accession Number: EJ1483820
Database: ERIC
FullText Text:
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  Data: Teaching Computational Thinking in Indonesia: Trend in Conception, Methods, Technology, and Evaluation
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Cucuk+Wawan+Budiyanto%22">Cucuk Wawan Budiyanto</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7288-3605">0000-0001-7288-3605</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Muhamad+Nur+Azmi+Wahyudi%22">Muhamad Nur Azmi Wahyudi</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8543-3689">0000-0001-8543-3689</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Indah+Widiastuti%22">Indah Widiastuti</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8176-4739">0000-0001-8176-4739</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Rizka+Latifah%22">Rizka Latifah</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6862-5505">0009-0008-6862-5505</externalLink>)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="SO" term="%22Educational+Process%3A+International+Journal%22"><i>Educational Process: International Journal</i></searchLink>. Article e2025308 2025 17.
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  Data: UNIVERSITEPARK Limited. iTOWER Plaza (No61, 9th floor) Merkez Mh Akar Cd No3, Sisli, Istanbul, Turkey 34382. e-mail: editor@edupij.com; Web site: http://www.edupij.com/
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Foreign+Countries%22">Foreign Countries</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Computation%22">Computation</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Thinking+Skills%22">Thinking Skills</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Educational+Research%22">Educational Research</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Teaching+Methods%22">Teaching Methods</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Technology+Uses+in+Education%22">Technology Uses in Education</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Evaluation+Methods%22">Evaluation Methods</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Problem+Based+Learning%22">Problem Based Learning</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Blended+Learning%22">Blended Learning</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Technology+Integration%22">Technology Integration</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22STEM+Education%22">STEM Education</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Critical+Thinking%22">Critical Thinking</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Problem+Solving%22">Problem Solving</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Creative+Thinking%22">Creative Thinking</searchLink>
– Name: Subject
  Label: Geographic Terms
  Group: Su
  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Indonesia%22">Indonesia</searchLink>
– Name: ISSN
  Label: ISSN
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  Data: 2147-0901<br />2564-8020
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Background/purpose: Computational Thinking (CT) has gained widespread attention in education as a core cognitive skill essential for solving complex problems in both academic and real-world contexts. While Indonesian educators have actively adopted CT as part of national educational reforms, questions remain about how closely current practices align with the original theoretical underpinnings of CT. Materials/methods: This study conducted a systematic literature review of Scopus-indexed research articles focusing on CT in Indonesian education. Using PRISMA guidelines, 35 eligible articles were selected from an initial pool of 130. The analysis combined bibliographic mapping using VOSviewer and thematic analysis to explore trends related to CT conception, teaching methods, technologies used, and assessment practices. Results: The findings reveal that Indonesian researchers conceptualize CT in various ways--as a problem-solving skill, a digital literacy component, and a pedagogical approach linked to subjects such as mathematics, physics, and language. Nine pedagogical strategies were identified, with problem-based learning and hybrid models being the most prominent. Although educational technologies, such as Ed-Tech apps and robotics, are increasingly used to support CT, nearly half of the studies reviewed did not incorporate digital tools. Assessments primarily rely on self-reporting and mathematical problem-solving tasks, with limited evidence of comprehensive evaluation frameworks for CT skills. Conclusion: Despite growing interest and diverse applications of CT in Indonesia, inconsistencies in conceptual understanding and a lack of standardized evaluation methods highlight the need for more straightforward guidelines and stronger collaboration across stakeholders. This study contributes a national overview and suggests pathways for improving CT integration in Indonesian education.
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  Data: 2025
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  Data: EJ1483820
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
  BibEntity:
    Languages:
      – Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 22
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Foreign Countries
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Computation
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Thinking Skills
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Educational Research
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Teaching Methods
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Technology Uses in Education
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Evaluation Methods
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      – SubjectFull: Problem Based Learning
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      – SubjectFull: Blended Learning
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Technology Integration
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: STEM Education
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      – SubjectFull: Critical Thinking
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      – SubjectFull: Problem Solving
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      – SubjectFull: Creative Thinking
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Indonesia
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Teaching Computational Thinking in Indonesia: Trend in Conception, Methods, Technology, and Evaluation
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            NameFull: Muhamad Nur Azmi Wahyudi
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              Y: 2025
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            – TitleFull: Educational Process: International Journal
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