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Dual Apprenticeships in Mexico: Insights into the First Employment

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Title: Dual Apprenticeships in Mexico: Insights into the First Employment
Language: English
Authors: Jimena Hernández-Fernández, Erick Marsán
Source: International Journal for Research in Vocational Education and Training. 2026 13(1):1-23.
Availability: European Educational Research Association / European Research Network Vocational Education and Training.Am Fallturm 1, Bremen, 28359, Germany. Tel: +49-421-218-66336; Fax: +49-421-218-98-66336; e-mail: ijrvet@uni-bremen.de; Web site: http://www.ijrvet.net
Peer Reviewed: Y
Page Count: 23
Publication Date: 2026
Document Type: Journal Articles
Reports - Research
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Apprenticeships, Career and Technical Education, Education Work Relationship, Employment Potential, Graduates, Program Effectiveness
Geographic Terms: Mexico
ISSN: 2197-8638
2197-8646
Abstract: Context: Dual apprenticeships (DA) are a type of Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) that emphasize the development of work skills through collaboration between the education sector and the labour market. DA are believed to facilitate smoother transitions to work for youth by combining vocational training in schools with workplacebased learning. Despite claims of improving youth employability, evidence on DA's effectiveness is limited, especially outside Europe. This study investigates the employability outcomes of graduates from the Mexican adaptation of the DA model. Approach: The study utilizes a survey conducted with DA graduates in Mexico in 2021 to analyse their likelihood of securing employment post-graduation. A probit model is used to estimate the probability of employment across three scenarios: (1) Securing any type of job, (2) being employed by the company where the DA was completed, and (3) obtaining employment with social security, which serves as a proxy for formal employment. The dependent variables are not mutually exclusive, as overlaps exist between the different employment categories. The sample includes 307 graduates from Coahuila and the State of Mexico, and the analysis controls for individual characteristics and contextual factors. Findings: The analysis reveals that receiving job-relevant additional training (e.g., language courses) significantly increases the probability of securing both general employment and formal employment with social security. Similarly, longer participation in DA improves employment chances across all models, though with smaller effects. Gender disparities are evident, as women are less likely to obtain formal employment compared to men. Additionally, graduates from the Electricity and Electronics field have higher employment probabilities than their peers in service-related training areas; while graduates from the Technology and Transportation careers have lower chances of obtaining formal employment than their peers in service-related training areas. Conclusion: While DA in Mexico shows promising results in employability for graduates, significant areas require attention to ensure equitable and widespread benefits. Policies should focus on increasing access to job-relevant training and extending the duration of apprenticeships to enhance apprentices' opportunities for formal employment. Our findings underscore the importance of local conditions and economic structures in shaping employment opportunities and, ultimately, DA outcomes.
Abstractor: As Provided
Entry Date: 2026
Accession Number: EJ1495029
Database: ERIC
FullText Text:
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  – Url: https://eric.ed.gov/contentdelivery/servlet/ERICServlet?accno=EJ1495029
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  Data: Dual Apprenticeships in Mexico: Insights into the First Employment
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  Data: English
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Jimena+Hernández-Fernández%22">Jimena Hernández-Fernández</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Erick+Marsán%22">Erick Marsán</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="SO" term="%22International+Journal+for+Research+in+Vocational+Education+and+Training%22"><i>International Journal for Research in Vocational Education and Training</i></searchLink>. 2026 13(1):1-23.
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  Data: European Educational Research Association / European Research Network Vocational Education and Training.Am Fallturm 1, Bremen, 28359, Germany. Tel: +49-421-218-66336; Fax: +49-421-218-98-66336; e-mail: ijrvet@uni-bremen.de; Web site: http://www.ijrvet.net
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  Data: 23
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  Data: 2026
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  Data: Journal Articles<br />Reports - Research
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Foreign+Countries%22">Foreign Countries</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Apprenticeships%22">Apprenticeships</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Career+and+Technical+Education%22">Career and Technical Education</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Education+Work+Relationship%22">Education Work Relationship</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Employment+Potential%22">Employment Potential</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Graduates%22">Graduates</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Program+Effectiveness%22">Program Effectiveness</searchLink>
– Name: Subject
  Label: Geographic Terms
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mexico%22">Mexico</searchLink>
– Name: ISSN
  Label: ISSN
  Group: ISSN
  Data: 2197-8638<br />2197-8646
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: Context: Dual apprenticeships (DA) are a type of Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) that emphasize the development of work skills through collaboration between the education sector and the labour market. DA are believed to facilitate smoother transitions to work for youth by combining vocational training in schools with workplacebased learning. Despite claims of improving youth employability, evidence on DA's effectiveness is limited, especially outside Europe. This study investigates the employability outcomes of graduates from the Mexican adaptation of the DA model. Approach: The study utilizes a survey conducted with DA graduates in Mexico in 2021 to analyse their likelihood of securing employment post-graduation. A probit model is used to estimate the probability of employment across three scenarios: (1) Securing any type of job, (2) being employed by the company where the DA was completed, and (3) obtaining employment with social security, which serves as a proxy for formal employment. The dependent variables are not mutually exclusive, as overlaps exist between the different employment categories. The sample includes 307 graduates from Coahuila and the State of Mexico, and the analysis controls for individual characteristics and contextual factors. Findings: The analysis reveals that receiving job-relevant additional training (e.g., language courses) significantly increases the probability of securing both general employment and formal employment with social security. Similarly, longer participation in DA improves employment chances across all models, though with smaller effects. Gender disparities are evident, as women are less likely to obtain formal employment compared to men. Additionally, graduates from the Electricity and Electronics field have higher employment probabilities than their peers in service-related training areas; while graduates from the Technology and Transportation careers have lower chances of obtaining formal employment than their peers in service-related training areas. Conclusion: While DA in Mexico shows promising results in employability for graduates, significant areas require attention to ensure equitable and widespread benefits. Policies should focus on increasing access to job-relevant training and extending the duration of apprenticeships to enhance apprentices' opportunities for formal employment. Our findings underscore the importance of local conditions and economic structures in shaping employment opportunities and, ultimately, DA outcomes.
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      – Text: English
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        PageCount: 23
        StartPage: 1
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Foreign Countries
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Apprenticeships
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Career and Technical Education
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Education Work Relationship
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Employment Potential
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      – SubjectFull: Graduates
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      – SubjectFull: Program Effectiveness
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      – SubjectFull: Mexico
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      – TitleFull: Dual Apprenticeships in Mexico: Insights into the First Employment
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