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Validating and Applying a Questionnaire on the Establishment and Operation of Resource Rooms in Inclusive Education of China

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Title: Validating and Applying a Questionnaire on the Establishment and Operation of Resource Rooms in Inclusive Education of China
Language: English
Authors: Mingqing Liu, Su Qiong Xu
Source: Journal of Research in Special Educational Needs. 2026 26(2).
Availability: Wiley. Available from: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030. Tel: 800-835-6770; e-mail: cs-journals@wiley.com; Web site: https://www.wiley.com/en-us
Peer Reviewed: Y
Page Count: 13
Publication Date: 2026
Document Type: Journal Articles
Reports - Research
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Questionnaires, Test Validity, Inclusion, Resource Room Programs, Regular and Special Education Relationship, Teacher Characteristics, Scores
Geographic Terms: China
DOI: 10.1111/1471-3802.70092
ISSN: 1471-3802
Abstract: The Chinese government has attached significance to resource rooms to improve the quality of inclusive education. The present study investigated the establishment and operation of resource rooms in inclusive education in China through compiling a questionnaire. The questionnaire was constructed with four dimensions including "Management," "Resource," "Operation," and "Effect" of resource rooms. A sample of mainstream teachers (N = 331) was recruited to complete the questionnaire with single-measure questions regarding background variables. The findings suggest that the validated questionnaire demonstrated good reliability and validity. The findings also showed that the teachers' scores on the whole questionnaire were slightly above the medium (Med = 3). It was found that differences existed in the participants' nationality, pre-service and in-service training, position, years of implementing inclusive education and resource room establishment, educational level, professional title, having students with disabilities, resource teachers' class hours, and resource room types. No significant differences were found in gender. Based on these findings, discussions, and suggestions were made to strengthen the establishment and operation of the resource rooms to further promote school inclusion of students with disabilities.
Abstractor: As Provided
Entry Date: 2026
Accession Number: EJ1504115
Database: ERIC
FullText Text:
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  Data: Validating and Applying a Questionnaire on the Establishment and Operation of Resource Rooms in Inclusive Education of China
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  Data: English
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Mingqing+Liu%22">Mingqing Liu</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Su+Qiong+Xu%22">Su Qiong Xu</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="SO" term="%22Journal+of+Research+in+Special+Educational+Needs%22"><i>Journal of Research in Special Educational Needs</i></searchLink>. 2026 26(2).
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  Data: Wiley. Available from: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030. Tel: 800-835-6770; e-mail: cs-journals@wiley.com; Web site: https://www.wiley.com/en-us
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  Data: Y
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  Label: Page Count
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  Data: 13
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  Label: Publication Date
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  Data: 2026
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  Data: Journal Articles<br />Reports - Research
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Foreign+Countries%22">Foreign Countries</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Questionnaires%22">Questionnaires</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Test+Validity%22">Test Validity</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Inclusion%22">Inclusion</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Resource+Room+Programs%22">Resource Room Programs</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Regular+and+Special+Education+Relationship%22">Regular and Special Education Relationship</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Teacher+Characteristics%22">Teacher Characteristics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Scores%22">Scores</searchLink>
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  Label: Geographic Terms
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22China%22">China</searchLink>
– Name: DOI
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  Data: 10.1111/1471-3802.70092
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  Data: 1471-3802
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: The Chinese government has attached significance to resource rooms to improve the quality of inclusive education. The present study investigated the establishment and operation of resource rooms in inclusive education in China through compiling a questionnaire. The questionnaire was constructed with four dimensions including "Management," "Resource," "Operation," and "Effect" of resource rooms. A sample of mainstream teachers (N = 331) was recruited to complete the questionnaire with single-measure questions regarding background variables. The findings suggest that the validated questionnaire demonstrated good reliability and validity. The findings also showed that the teachers' scores on the whole questionnaire were slightly above the medium (Med = 3). It was found that differences existed in the participants' nationality, pre-service and in-service training, position, years of implementing inclusive education and resource room establishment, educational level, professional title, having students with disabilities, resource teachers' class hours, and resource room types. No significant differences were found in gender. Based on these findings, discussions, and suggestions were made to strengthen the establishment and operation of the resource rooms to further promote school inclusion of students with disabilities.
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  Data: 2026
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  Data: EJ1504115
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1111/1471-3802.70092
    Languages:
      – Text: English
    PhysicalDescription:
      Pagination:
        PageCount: 13
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Foreign Countries
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Questionnaires
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Test Validity
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Inclusion
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Resource Room Programs
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Regular and Special Education Relationship
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Teacher Characteristics
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Scores
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: China
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: Validating and Applying a Questionnaire on the Establishment and Operation of Resource Rooms in Inclusive Education of China
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            NameFull: Mingqing Liu
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          Name:
            NameFull: Su Qiong Xu
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            – D: 01
              M: 04
              Type: published
              Y: 2026
          Identifiers:
            – Type: issn-electronic
              Value: 1471-3802
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              Value: 26
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            – TitleFull: Journal of Research in Special Educational Needs
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